Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 07.djvu/40

LEFT OLLIVIER 20 OLNEY (1898); "Danny" (1903); "The Gentle- man" (1908); "The Brown Mare" (1916); and Two Men" (1919). OUilVIER, OLIVIER EMILE, a French statesman; bom in Marseilles, France, July 2, 1825, and, having studied law at Paris, began to practice as an ad- vocate in that city. By clever pleading he established a reputation at the bar, and after 1864 acquired influence as a member of the Legislative Assembly. In 1865 the Viceroy of Egypt appointed him to a high juridical office in that country. But he still took an active in- terest m French politics, and in January, 1870, Napoleon III. charged him to form a constitutional ministry. OUivier was an unsuspecting tool in the hands of the Imperialists. "With a light heart" he rushed his country into the war with Germany, himself to be overthrown, after the first battle, on August 9. He with- drew to Italy. Ollivier wrote books on "Lamartine" (1874), and Thiers" (1879), and "The Church and the State to the Council of the Vatican" (1879) ; "Principles and Conduct" (1875); "The Liberal Regime," "Michel Ango" (1892); "L'Empire Liberal," 6 vols. (1894-1908). He died in 1913. OLMSTED, CHARLES SANFORD, an American Protestant Episcopal bishop; born at Olmstedville, N. Y., in 1853. He graduated from General The- ological Seminary in 1876. He was or- dained priest in 1877. He served as rec- tor at various cities in New York and Pennsylvania until 1902, when he was consecrated bishop of Colorado. He wrote "December Musings" (poems), (1898); "Discipline of Perfection" (1902) ; "Essays on Mediaeval Poets" (1904). Died in 1918. OLMSTED, CHARLES TYLER, an American Protestant Episcopal bishop; bom in Cohoes, N. Y., 1842, He graduated from Trinity College in 1865, and, after studying divinity at St. Stephen's Col- lege, he became professor of mathematics in that institution in 1866. He was or- dained priest in 1868, and served as rec- tor and vicar of several important churches of New York City and Utica, and was consecrated bishop coadjutor of Central N. Y. in 1902, and was ap- pointed bishop of Central N, Y. in 1904. OLMSTED, FREDERICK LAW, American landscape architect; born in Staten Island, N. _Y., 1870 ; graduated from Harvard, studied landscape archi- tecture imder his father and began prac- tice in 1895. He has designed many public parks and other city improve- ments; was a member of the Commission on Improvements of Washington, in 1902; was landscai>e architect of the Metropolitan Park system of Boston in 1898, and designed plans for Forest Hills, L. I., for the Sage Foundation Homes Co. He became professor of landscape architecture in Harvard in 1903, and member of the National Com- mission of Fine Arts in 1910. OLMSTED, VICTOR HUGO, an American statistician; born at Marion, 0., in 1853. After studying at George Washington University he was admitted to the bar in 1884. He served as chief of the division of results in the 10th Census, and from 1883 to 1889 was em- ployed in the General Land Office. From 1889 to 1901 was statistical expert of the United States Department of Labor. He investigated labor conditions in Hav/aii in 1900. From 1902 he served in various capacities in the United States Department of Agriculture and in connection with the Census Bureau. From 1906 to 1914 he was chief of the Bureau of Statistics, and from 1913 he was field agent of the Bureau of Crop Estimates of the Department of Agri- culture. OLMUTZ, second city of Moravia, since October, 1918, in Czecho-Slovakia, on the March, 129 miles N. N. E. of Vi- enna. Notable are the 14th century ca- thedral (restored 1887) ; the church of St. Maurice (1472), whose organ has 48 stops and 2,342 pipes; the noble town hall, with a steeple 255 feet high; the archiepiscopal palace; and the lofty Trinity column on the Oberring. The former university (1851-1855) is re- duced to a theological faculty, with over 200 students and a library of 75,000 vol- umes. The trade is more important than the manufactures. Olmiitz, which in 1640 was superseded by Briinn as the capital of Moravia, suffered severely in both the Thirty and the Seven Years* Wars. In 1848 Ferdinand I. signed his abdication here. OLMUTZ, CONFERENCE OF, a con- ference held at Olmiitz, a city of Mor- avia, Austria, Feb. 28-29, 1850, between Russia and Austria respecting the af- fairs of Germany and especially in refer- ence to the revolts in Hesse and Schles- wig-Holstein against their rulers, the Elector of Hesse and the King of Den- mark, By the mediation of Russia, Schleswig-Holstein was given to Den- mark, and the Elector Hesse was rein- stated. OLNEY, RICHARD, an American lawyer; born in Oxford, Mass., Sept. 15, 1835; was graduated at Brown Univer-