Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 07.djvu/380

LEFT PORT 314 yOKTER tain in the liquid some of the saccharine matter, as well as the flavor of the grape. PORT, a framed opening in a ship's side through which a gun is fired, a haw- ser passed out, or cargo passed in or out. They are known by various names, as cargo port, gun port, etc. PORTAL CIRCULATION, a subordin- nate circulation of blood from the stom- ach and intestines through the liver. PORTALIS, JEAN ETIENNE MARIE, a French jurist; born in Pro- vence, April 1, 1745; practiced law in Paris, was imprisoned and prosecuted during the Revolution, but under Na- poleon was the chief author of the famous "Civil Code." He died in Paris, Aug. 25, 1807. PORTAL VEIN, a vein about three inches long, commencing at the junction of the splenic and superior mesenteric veins and passing upward a little to the right to reach the transverse fissure of the liver. PORT ARTHUR, the terminus of the E. division of the Canadian Pacific rail- way, on Thunder Bay, an arm of Lake Superior, 993 miles W. N. W. of Mon- treal. PORT ARTHUR, LUSHWANKAU, or LUSHUNKU, a former naval station of China, with a fine narrow-mouthed harbor at the end and on the E. side of the peninsula jutting S. W. from Man- churia, opposite Shifu, strongly fortified; formerly the headquarters of the N. fleet of China. It was taken by the Japanese in 1894, and was restored to China by coercion of European powers. On Dec. 19, 1897, a Russian fleet occupied Port Arthur with China's consent. On Jan. 28, 1898, the city was ceded to Russia. It was captured by the Jananese, January, 1905, after nearly a " year's siege. PORT ARTHUR, a city of Texas, in Jefferson co. It is on the Kansas City Southern and the Texas and New Or- leans railroads. It is situated on several steamship lines and on several canals. It is the port of entry of the Sabine district. It is the center of the oil-pro- ducing and refining industry, and its other industries include rice milling and horticulture. There are several parks, pleasure piers, Port Arthur College, hos- pitals, and a Federal building. Pop. (1910) 7,663; (1920) 22,251. PORT-AU-PRINCE, the capital of Haiti, situated on the W. coast, at the head of a bay of the same name. Pop, about 120,000. PORT BRETON, a name given to the S. E. part of New Ireland, the scene in 1879 of a disastrous experiment in colon- izing by a company of French Legiti- mists. The Marquis Du Rays, who floated the company, and his associates were condemned to various terms of im- prisonment (1883) for fraud and raising money on false pretenses. PORT CHESTER, a village in New York, in Westchester co. It is on Long Island Sound, and on the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroad. It is a popular suburb of New York. It has a park, a memorial library, a hospital, and excellent school buildings. Its industries include foundries, boat works, gas stoves, boiler works, etc. Pop. (1910) 12,809; (1920) 16,573. PORTCULLIS, a strong ^ defensive framework of timber, hung in grooves within the chief gateway of a fortress, or a castle, or an edifice of safety; it resembled the harrow, but was placed vertically, having a row of iron spikes at the bottom, and was let down to stop the passage in case of assault. There were frequently two or more portcullises in the same gateway. PORT DARWIN, one of the finest harbors in Australia; situated on the N. coast of South Australia. Its entrance is 2 miles wide, and vessels of any ton- nage can float in it with safety. Pal- merston, the chief town on its shores, is the land terminus of the overland tele- graph, 1,973 miles from Adelaide, and of the cable to Java, and the starting point of a railway (1891) to the gold fields of the interior, 150 miles distant. PORTE, OTTOMAN, or SUBLIME PORTE, the common term for the Turk- ish Government. The chief office of the Ottoman empire is styled Babi Ali, liter- ally, the High Gate, from the gate {bab) of the palace at which justice was ad- ministered; and the French translation of this term being Sublime Porte, hence the use of this word. PORT ELIZABETH, a seaport of the British colony of the Cape of Good Hope; on the W. shore of Algoa Bay, 85 miles S. W. of Graham's Town and 350 S. of Kimberley. It is the principal sea- port of the E. part of Cape Colony, and also of the Orange River Colony. The town was founded in 1820. Two piers were constructed to protect the harbor in 1881; and an aqueduct, 28 miles long, has brought good water to the town since 1878. Pop. (1918) 23,341. PORTER, a carrier; one who carries burdens, parcels, luggage, etc., for hire. A dark colored malt liquor, so called