Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 07.djvu/284

LEFT PHILLIPS 226 PHILOLOGY (1902); "Herod" (1900); "Paolo and Francesca" (1899); "Pietro of Siena" (1910); "Armageddon" (1915). This was the last work of Stephen Phillips. He died in 1915. PHILLIPS, WENDELL, an American orator and abolitionist; born in Boston, Mass., Nov. 29, 1811. He was graduated at Harvard in 1831, studied law there, and was called to the bar in 1834. A timely speech in Faneuil Hall in 1837 made him at once the principal orator of the anti-slavery party, and henceforth, WENDELL PHILLIPS till the President's proclamation of Jan. 1, 1863, he was Garrison's loyal and valued ally. He also championed the cause of temperance, and that of women, and the rights of the Indians. In 1870 he was nominated governor by the Prohi- bitionists and the Labor party. His speeches and letters were collected in 1863 (new ed. 1884). He died in Bos- ton, Mass., Feb. 2, 188-:. For his life see ''Wendell Phillips, Orator and Agitator" (New York, 1909), PHILLIPS ACADEMY, a school for boys located at Andover, Mass., and often called Phillips Andover. The school was chartered in 1780 and was founded as the result of a gift by the Phillips fam- ily. In 1901 an archaeological depart- ment was added as the gift of two members of the alumni. The endow- ment is a large one, being cloa« to two million dollars, while the grounds, build- ings and equipment are valued at nearly three million. The work is entirely col- lege-preparatory; Yale and Harvard b^ ing the colleges most frequently selected by the students. Among its alumni have been some of the famous names of Amer- ican history. PHILLIPSBURG, a city in Warren CO., N. J., on the Delaware river, and on the Lackawanna, the Lehigh Valley, the Central of New Jersey, and the Penn- sylvania railroads; 50 miles N. N. W. of Trenton. Two fine railroad bridges cross the river here and connect with Easton, Pa. Phillipsburg is in a lime- stone and iron-ore region; has several iron foundries, machine shops, railroad shops, a rolling mill, and manufactories of boilers, locomotives, mowers and reap- ers, and a pop. (1910) 13,903; (1920) 16,923. PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY, a boys' school located at Exeter, New Hampshire, and commonly called Phil- lips Exeter. Like Phillips Andover, it was founded by a gift from the Phillips family and was opened for students in 1781. The alumni by 1920 numbered over 11,000. Among the early alumni were Jared Sparks, Daniel Webster, Edward Everett and George Bancroft. The enrollment in 1914-1915 was 57S. The course is college-preparatory for the New England colleges. The school is very well equipped _ with modern school buildings, laboratories, gymnasium, etc., the total value of which exceeds a million dollars, while the endowment is about $500,000. PHILLPOTTS, EDEN, an English novelist, born in India in 1862. He was educated at Plymouth, England, and at the age of eighteen became a clerk in an insurance office, a position which he held for ten years. His first published novel was "Lying Prophets," 1896. This was followed in regular succession by a large number of books, mostly depicting Devon- shire life. His works include "Sons of the Morning" (1900); "The Good Red Earth" (1901); "The Secret Woman" (1905); "The Forest on the Hill" (1912); and "Brunei's Tower" (1915). He also published several plays. PHILOLOGY, in a popular sense: (1) Etymology, or the science of the origin of words. (2) Grammar, or the science of the construction of language in general and of individual languages. (3) Lit- erary criticism, or the investigation of merits and demerits in style and diction. Of late years, however, a new and very extensive province has been ;^d(ied toj^ji©