Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 06.djvu/475

LEFT NEEDLES 403 NEGBO . ieye and with barb. The best known sew- ^ ing-machine needle is the one with the eye at the pointed end, having a long groove on one side and a short groove on the opposite. The needle used on leather is the wax-thread needle, and includes many shapes. Instead of an eye these needles are formed with hooks by which the thread is pulled through a hole made by an awl. The welting needle is a sec- tion of a circle in shape, used for putting welts on boots and shoes. NEEDLES, THE, a cluster of insulated chalk rocks in the English Channel, off the W. extremity of the Isle of Wight. They owe their name to their pyramidal and pointed shape. The Needles Light- house, on the most W. of ^ne group, has an occulting light 80 feet above high- water, visible for 14 miles. NEELY, THOMAS BENJAMIN, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church; born in 1841 at Philadelphia. Entered the ministry of the Methodist Church in 1865 in the Philadelphia Con- ference. In 1900 he was elected Corre- sponding Secretary of the Sunday School Union and Tract Society and in 1904 was elected bishop. His episcopal home for the years 1904-1908 was in Buenos Aires where he had charge of the work of the Methodist Church in South America. He was retired from active service in May, 1912. Author of numerous works on Methodist law and doctrine. NEENAH, a city in Winnebago co., Wis., on the Fox river, and on the Chi- cago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul, the Chi- cago and Northwestern, and the Minne- apolis, St. Paul, and Saulte Ste. Marie railroads; 14 miles N. of Oshkosh. The river is navigable for steamboats to Fond du Lac. Here are National banks, a public library, electric lights, and daily and weekly newspapers. The city is widely known as an important lumber mart and as a popular summer resort. It has manufactures of stoves, machines, woolen goods and brick and saw, lumber, and paper mills. Pop. (1910) 5,734; (1920) 7,171. NEERWINDEN, a small village in the N. W. corner of the Belgian province of Liege; noted for the victory gained by the French under Luxembourg over the English under William III. (July 29, 1693), and also for the defeat of the French under Dumouriez by the allies under the Prince of Coburg, March 18, 1793. NEGAPATAM, a seaport of British India, on the Coromandel coast, 180 miles S. by W. of Madras city. Originally a Portuguese settlement, it was taken by the Dutch in 1660, and by the English in 1781. The port trades in cotton, live- stock, ghi (exported), and spices, piece goods, coal, gunny bags (imported), chiefly vdth Burma, the Straits Settle- ments, and Ceylon. Pop. about 65,000. NEGAUNEE, a city in Marquette co., Mich.; on the Marquette and Ishpeming, the Chicago and Northwestern, and the Duluth, South Shore, and Atlantic, and the Lake Superior and Ishpeming rail- roads; 10 miles W. of Marquette. It is built on a ridge named Iron Mountain, at an elevation of about 1,000 feet above Lake Superior. It contains a high school, waterworks, a public library, electric lights, a National bank, and street rail- roads. It has a noted cluster of produc- tive iron mines within its limits. Pop. (1910) 8,460; (1920) 7,419. NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS, doc- uments which may be converted into cash, representing money. They may be divided into two classes: those based on legislation, such as government script ; or on credit, personal or otherwise, such as a bank note, representing the credit of a banking institution, or a personal check, or promissory note, representing the credit of an individual. Bonds, stocks, mortgages are further specimens of such documents. Those based on statute are usually converted into money at their face value, in theory, at least, though actually, if the credit of a gov- ernment is low, they exchange for more money in gold than their face value. Documents based on credit are "dis- counted," usually on the basis of the cur- rent rate of interest, where the credit of the individual or firm is good. NEGRITOS (ne-gre'toz), the name given to certain negro-like tribes inhabit- ing the interior of some of the Philippine Islands, and differing both in features and manners from the Malay inhabitants of the Eastern Archipelago. They seem to be more closely akin to the Andaman Islanders than to either Papuans or any other stock ; and are also known as Aetas or Itas (see Philippine Islands). The name is also used in a wider sense for the Papuans and all the Melanesian peoples of Polynesia (g. v.). NEGRO, the distinctively dark, as op- posed to the fair, yellow, and brown varieties of mankind. Their original home was probably all Africa S. of the Sahara, India S. of the Indo-Gangetic plains, Malaysia and the greater part of Australasia. In early and middle Tertiary times this tract was probably