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LEFT NAUTCH GIBL 386 NAVAL INSIGNIA the 13th century it was occupied by the Venetians (who called it Napoli di Ro- mania), and it was taken by the Turks in 1540. From 1824 to 1835 it was the capital of Greece, and had a population of upward of 12,000; but on the removal of the court to Athens it fell into decay. Pop. about 13,000. NAUTCH GIRL, or NAUTCHEE, a professional dancing and singing-girl in India. They are selected for their beauty, generally from the middle class of life, and when very young are placed under strict training in physical exer- cises and taught all the arts of their pro- fession. NAUTILUS, in ordinary language, a name popularly applied to two very dif- ferent animals: the paper nautilus — the nautilus of poets, hich belongs to the NAVAJO (nav'a-ho) INDIANS, a half-civilized tribe of the Athabascan group. They have a reservation in northeastern Arizona, extending in New Mexico and Utah. They have consider- able native civilization, not a few of them engaging in agriculture, and in raising- horses, sheep, and goats. They weave blankets, which are prized highly throughout the Southwest. They are a fine athletic race and excellent horsemen. While not an aggressive tribe, they have frequently been at war with the whites. They number about 22,000. NAVAL ACADEMY, UNITED STATES. See United States Naval Academy. NAVAL INSIGNIA. The devices used to indicate the ranks, ships, and squad- rons of officers in naval service. Those O (D . (g) ® (3) © © ® (§) ^ © naval insignia — OFFICERS' INSIGNIA ON COLLAR 1. Admiral of the Navy 2. Admiral 3. Vlce-Admiral 4. Rear-Admiral 5. Commodore 6. Captain 7. Commander (Silver Leaf) 8. Lieutenant-Commander (Gold Leaf) 9. Lieutenant 10. Lieutenant Junior Grade 11. Ensign genus Argonauta (see Argonaut), and not to nautilus; and to the pearly nautilus {N. pompilius), for a long period the only known species. In zoology, the typi- cal and only recent genus of the family Nautilidse. The shell is involute, with an outer porcellaneous and an inner nacre- ous layer. NAUVOO, a village of Illinois, on the Mississippi river; 14 miles above Keokuk. It was built by the Mormons (q.v.) in 1840, and in a few months contained a population of 15,000. Its principal fea- ture was a great temple of white lime- stone (1841-1845) ; but it had also mills and factories, and the beginnings of a university, and was for a few years a prosperous and happy town. After the expulsion of the Mormons in 1846, the temple was half destroyed by fire in 1848, and further ruined by a tornado in 1850. Fop. about 1,000. devices, which take the form of stars, gold lace, anchors, leaves, stripes and the like, are those, like the uniforms, in vo^e among the navies of the world, dif- fering only in details. In the United States navy the insignia used are repre- sentative of those in use in the navies of other countries. The rank of the officer is shown by gold lace on the sleeve and devices on the collar, epaulet and shoulder. Admirals wear two stripes of two-inch lace and one stripe of half -inch lace between them.^ Rear-admirals have one stripe of two-inch lace and one of half-inch lace above it. Captains have four stripes of half -inch lace; command- ers, three stripes of half -inch lace ; lieut- enant-commanders, two stripes of half- inch lace and a stripe of one-quarter- inch lace between them; lieutenants, two stripes of half -inch lace; lieutenants of the junior grade, a stripe of half-tnch lace and a stripe of one-quarter inch