Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 06.djvu/403

LEFT MOZDOK 841 MUHLBESG and for a trumpet concert at the dedica- tion of the Orphan House Church in Vi- enna, and conducted it in presence of the imperial court. In 1769, at the age of 13, he was appointed director of the concerts of the Prince Archbishop of Salzburg. In Rome he reproduced from memory the "Miserere" which he had heard sung in St. Peter's, He composed the opera of "Mithridates" at Milan in October, 1770. His opera of "Idomeneo" was composed in 1780. The "Seraglio" followed. His six quartets, dedicated to Haydn, appeared in 1785, and in 1786 "Marriage of Fi- garo." In 1787 he produced his master- piece, "Don Juan." To 1791, the last year of his short life, we owe "The Magic Flute," "Titus" and the sublime "Requi- em," finished only a few days before his decease, in Vienna, Dec. 5, 1791. MOZDOE, a town of Russian Cau- casus; on the Terek; 58 miles N. of Vladi- kavkaz, with three large annual fairs for horses, sheep, cattle, etc. It grows excellent melons and wine. Pop. about 15,000. MUCILAGE, in ordinary language, a solution of gummy matter of any kind in water. In chemistry, the gum of seeds and roots. It is present in large quanti- ties in the root of the marshmallow and in linseed. MUCK, KASiL, German concert and opera director; born at Darmstadt in 1859. Began his professional cai*eer at Heidelberg, and attended the Leipsic Conservatory. Made successful d^but as a pianist in 1880. A conductor at Salz- burg and at Prague, 1886-1891.^ In 1893 was a conductor at the Berlin Opera House, alternating with Richard Strauss. Appointed conductor of the Boston Sym- phony Orchestra in 1906-1908. The Ger- man Emperor refusing to extend his leave, he returned to Germany. In 1911 Dr. Muck was again conducting the Bos- ton Symphony Orchestra, but was forced to resign after the United States entered the World War in 1917. MUCOUS MEMBRANES, membranes consisting of pi'olongations of the skin, having their surface coated oyer and protected by mucus. Their chief divi- sions are the gastro-pneumonic and ge- nito-urinary mucous membranes, the for- mer covering the inside of the alimentary canal, the air passages, etc.; the latter the inside of the bladder and the urinary passage. MUCUS, a word, under which various substances are included, consisting chief- ly of horny-like substances, epithelium, detached from the mucous surfaces and floating in a peculiar viscid, clear fluid; in some cases these secretions are altered, becoming albuminoid, etc. Mucous affec- tions are, mucin, an inflammatory prod- uct; mucous cysts, mucous laryngitis, polypi, softening tumors. In botany gununy matter, soluble in water. It also contains mucin. MUDFISH, Amia ealva, the sole spe- cies of the family Amiidie. The color is dull, often dark-greenish, with black spots and bands, and there is frequently a round black spot on the tail. ^ It attains a length of about two feet; it feeds on fluviatile Crustacea. It is limited to rivers and lakes of the United States, abundant between the Rocky Mountains and the Alleghenies. MUEZZIN (mo-edz'zin) (Arabic, Mu- zin or Muazzin; sometimes Mueddin), the official attached to the Mohammedan mosque, who announces the different times of prayer. MUFTI, the title of a high Turkish office. The Grand Mufti or Sheikh-ul- Islam is the head of the great corporation of Ulema, the interpreters of the Koran, by whose decisions (when written down, Fetwas) the cadis have to judge. The chief of the Ulema is little less powerful than the grand vizier. MUGGLETONIANS, a sect founded by Lodowick Muggleton (1610-1698), the son of a farrier in Bishopsgate street, London. He was a tailor, and when about 40 years old began to have visions and to hear "voices," and asserted that he and John Reeve, inother tailor, were the two witnesses mentioned in the Reve- lation (xi: 3.). Their chief doctrines were that the distinction of Persons in the Trinity is merely nominal; that God has a real human body, and that when He suffered on the cross He left Elijah as His viceregent in heaven. MUHLBACH, LUISE (mul'baA), pseudonym of Madame Klara MUller MUNDT; a German novelist, wife of Theodore Mundt; born in Neubranden- burg, Jan. 2, 1814. She wrote a number of popular historical novels, including "Queen Hortense" (5th ed. 1861) ; "Em- peror Joseph II. and his Court" (9th ed. 1866) ; "Emperor Alexander and his Court" (1868) ; "Frederick the Great and his Court" (8th ed. 1882). She died in Berlin, Sept. 26, 1873. MUHLBERG (miil'berG), a town of Prussian Saxony, on the Elbe, 36 miles S. E. of Wittenberg. Here, on April 24, 1547, the Empei-or Charles V. defeated John Frederick the Magnanimous, Elec- tor of Saxony,