Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 06.djvu/25

LEFT LOPEZ Though Lope "was not the founder of the Spanish drama, he was the first who made its romantic irregularities attrac- tive through force and originality of genius. He died in Madrid, Aug. 27, 1635. LOPEZ, FBANCISCO SOLANO, Pres- ident of Paraguay; born in Asuncion in 1827; son of Don Carlos Antonio Lopez, president of Paraguay from 1844-1862. He filled some of the principal offices of state while his father was president, and was sent to Europe in 1853, accredited to the chief courts there. In 1855 he re- turned to Paraguay, became minister of war, and on the death of his father, in 1862, president for 10 years. He had long been aiming at the foundation of a great inland empire, and in 1864 com- menced hostilities against Brazil. The Argentine Republic and Uruguay allied themselves with Brazil, and after five years' conflict Lopez was reduced to ex- tremities, and was finally surprised on the banks of the Aquidaban by a troop of Brazilian cavalry and slain, March 1, 1870. The latter part of his career had been stained by many cruelties and wanton murders. LOQXJAT (Eriobotrya Japonica), a Chi- nese and Japanese fruit, of the natural order Rosaceae. It has been introduced into Australia, California, and Florida, and is now abundant there. The Loquat tree or shrub attains a height of 20 or 30 feet, but in cultivation is seldom al- lowed to exceed 12 feet. It is a beautiful evergreen, with large oblong wrinkled leaves, and white flowers in terminal woolly panicles, having a fragrance like that of hawthorn-blossom; the fruit is downy, oval, or pear-shaped, yellow, and about the size of a large gooseberry. The seeds have an agreeable flavor. LOBAIN, a city of Ohio, in Lorain CO. and on the Lake Erie, Northern Chicago, Baltimore and Ohio, Lorain and West Virginia and Lake Shore Electric railroads. It is the center of an important industrial community and has manufactures of steel, iron, and a large shipbuilding plant. It has a Carnegie Library, a hospital and other important public buildings. It is well supplied with natural gas and is an im- portant outlet for the central Ohio coal fields. It also ships important quanti- ties of lumber, iron, and grain. It has an excellent system of docks. The popula- tion has grown rapidly in recent years. (1910) 28,883; (1920) 37,295. LOB.D, in feudal times, the lord (sei- gneur) was the grantor or proprietor of the land, who retained the dominion or ultimate property of the feud or fee; and 9 LORD CHIEF-JUSTICE the grantee, who had only the use or pos- session of the land, was styled the feuda- tory or vassal. A person who has the fee of a manor, and consequently the homage of his tenants, is called the "lord of the manor." The superior lord is styled "lord paramount"; and his ten- ants, if they grant a portion of the land to other tenants, while they remain ten- ants in reference to the lord paramount, are lords in reference to their own ten- ants, and are hence styled mesne or middle lords. Lord, in Great Britain, is also a title of dignity attached to cer- tain official stations, sometimes heredi- tary, sometimes only official or personal. All who are noble by birth or creation are styled lords. It is likewise given by courtesy to the younger sons of dukes and marquises, and to the eldest sons of these and of earls. In the translation of the Scriptures, Lord is used, without much discrimina- tion, for all the names applied to God; but when it represents the great name of Jehovah, it is printed in small capi- tals. In the New Testament it is applied to Jesus Christ, the term in the original Greek being kurios (owner or master). LORD CHAMBERLAIN, an officer of state in England who has control of the establishment attached to the chapels royal; of officers and servants attached to the royal chambers, except of those of the bedchamber; and over the medical men of the household. The royal trades- men are appointed by him. He directs all great royal ceremonies, receives all applications to attend levees and draw- ing-rooms, superintends the royal ward- robe and the jewel house at the Tower, and licenses theaters and plays, his power extending to the cities of London and Westminster, and certain other parts of the metropolis, as well as to those places within which the sovereign may reside occasionally. The power of licensing theaters elsewhere belongs to the justices. LORD CHANCELLOR (England), the highest judicial officer of the Crown, law adviser to the Government, and Keeper of the Great Seal. He ranks next to the royal family and the Archbishop of Can- terbury. Privy Councillor and menibei of the Cabinet, and a presiding officer of the House of Lords. He appoints all justices of the peace in the Kingdom and in general all judges of the Superior Courts except chief judges. Is also Chief Judge of the Court of Chancery. The salary is £10,000 with an annuity of £5,000 on retirement from office. LORD CHIEF- JUSTICE (England). The official title of the Chief-Justice of