Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 06.djvu/19

LEFT LONDON 8 LONDON The city is provided with a system of and afterward reverted to the old prin- underground railways which brings the ciples, which were vigorously interpreted, surrounding country into quick conimu- causing friction with the United States nication with the center of the city. and other neutrals. LONDON, JACK, an American writer born in San Francisco, Cal., 1876 ; died on his ranch in Marin co., Cal., 1916. At the age of seventeen he made a trip to sea on a sealer, before the mast, cruising in Behring Sea. On his return a year later he tramped throughout the country, as- sociating with the migratory laborers known as "hoboes." At the age of twenty- LONDON, a port of entry and the principal city of Middlesex co., Ontario, Canada; on the Thames river, and the Grand Trunk, the Canadian Pacific, the Michigan Central, the Pere Marquette, and the London and Port Stanley rail- roads; about 120 miles W. of Toronto. It is in one of the finest agricultural dis- tricts of the Dominion, and has numerous iron foundries, machine shops, mills, chemical works, boot and shoe factories, tanneries, breweries, printing offices, and other industrial establishments. It is the seat of Western University and College, and of Huron College; contains Anglican and Roman Catholic cathedrals, several hospitals, lunatic asylum, orphan asylum, convent, several banks, libraries, daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals. London is a noted summer and health resort. Its white sulphur springs attracting many in- valids. Pop. about 60,000. LONDON-AUSTRALLflL FLIGHT. In 1919 the Australian Government offered a $50,000 prize for an aeroplane flight from England to Australia, 30 days be- ing allowed for the journey. The flight was successfully carried out by Captain Ross Smith and his brother. Lieutenant Keith M. Smith, who left Hounslow Aero- drome on Nov. 12, 1919, in a Vickers- Vimy bomber, and by way of Crete, Cairo, Bagdad, Delhi made the journey of 10,- 500 miles in 28 days, arriving at Port Darvdn, Australia, on Dec. 10, 1919. LONDON, DECLARATION OF, a code of rules governing naval war practices adopted by the International Naval Con- ference in London, promulgated Feb. 26, 1909. The principal naval and mari- time powers attempted in this declara- tion to define rules and principles to govern naval practices in wartime which should be obligatory on national prize courts and upon the International Prize Court to be established; to define the rights and obligations of neutral traders and the relation of belligerents in warlike operations at sea. The powers united in stating that the rules agreed upon cor- responded with the recognized principles of international law. The document marked an advance on rules previously in force, and displayed a more carefvd regard for neutral rights. The Declara- tion did not receive unanimous consent of the powers and failed to be put into effect. The House of Commons ratified it, but it was rejected by the Lords. In the World War, Great Britain at first announced adherence to the Declaration, JACK LONDON one he took a special course in literature and sociology at the University of Cali- fornia, at Berkeley, but cut his studies short to join in the gold rush to the Alaskan gold fields. On his return, two years later, he began writing short stories on the North country, the first of which were published in the "Overland Monthly," in San Francisco. Later he contributed short stories to "McClure's Magazine," which attracted country-wide attention. It was "The Call of the Wild," however, published as a serial in "The Saturday Evening Post," then as a book, in 1903, that established his reputation as a writer of forceful fiction. His essays and books on sociological subjects, with a strong socialistic trend, also gained him a wide audience. His style much resembles that of Kipling, without the humor of Kipling. Among his most not- able books are: "The Call of the Wild"