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MARYLAND  of the latter, who had by this time obtained a considerable footing in the province of Maryland, demanded an instant recognition of the new form of government. The Proprietary and executive, however, proclaimed Charles II., but were compelled, in 1652, to abdicate their functions, which were usurped by commissioners dispatched from the puritanical home government. In 1654 Lord Baltimore made a resolute attempt to restore his authority, and a civil war ensued, in which the Puritans were eventually victorious, in 1655. At length, after the restoration of Charles II., the Proprietary was reinstated. In 1729 Baltimore was founded, and in 1745 the Maryland “Gazette,” the first journal printed in the province, was published at Annapolis, maintaining its existence for 94 years afterward. Frederick City was laid out in 1751, and the colony progressed rapidly in wealth and population. In 1774 the Stamp Act, and the act levying a duty on tea, met with resolute and active opposition from the Marylanders, who, assembled in convention, abolished the Proprietary government, and substituted therefor a Committee of Public Safety. In 1776 a convention of the people adopted a bill of rights, and a constitution; in the following year, the first elected Legislature was convened at Annapolis, and in March, Thomas Johnson took office as the first republican governor. During the Revolution the Marylanders bore a highly distinguished part, participating in nearly every battle of the war. During the campaign of 1812, Maryland suffered severely from the naval operations of the British; Havre de Grace, Fredericktown, and other places being plundered and burned. The militia of the State as vainly opposed the march of the English army to Washington in 1814. In the same year occurred the battles of Bladensburg and North Point; in the former of which the enemy was successful, while in the latter the British General Ross was killed, and the Americans gained a slight advantage. An attack (Sept. 14-16) on Baltimore by the enemy's fleet was successfully repelled. At the outbreak of the Civil War, in 1861, the Marylanders were divided in sentiment, many of the people being in sympathy with the Confederates, though the State remained loyal to the Federal cause. During a series of Confederate invasions from Virginia during the protraction of the war, the State became the theater of important military operations and sanguinary engagements. Maryland is one of the few States of the Union that rejected the ratification of the 15th Amendment to the Constitution of the

United States. In 1867, a new constitution was adopted, making several important changes in the organic law of the State. In the year 1880, Baltimore celebrated its 150th anniversary with a week of festivities, and in 1884 the 250th anniversary of the landing of the colonists was celebrated. In 1891, a monument was erected to Leonard Calvert, the first governor, on the site of the old city of St. Mary's, the first capital of the State, of which scarcely a trace remains.  MARYLAND AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, an educational institution supported by the State of Maryland, situated at College Park, Md. It includes faculties of chemistry, biology, horticulture, mechanical, civil, and electrical engineering. In 1912 a fire destroyed many of the old buildings, and temporary structures have been erected to serve until the new buildings, now in the course of construction, have been completed. The college has no endowment and is dependent upon the appropriations granted by the State of Maryland and the United States Government. In 1919 the college had about 600 students, the faculty numbering 42.  MARYLAND, UNIVERSITY OF, a non-sectarian institution for both sexes, located at Annapolis and Baltimore. It was founded in 1807. In 1919 the faculty members numbered 211 and about 1,400 students were enrolled. The University has an income from invested funds of $150,000 and some $50,000 are derived from other sources. The University library contains about 25,000 volumes.  MARYSVILLE, a county-seat of Yuba co., Cal., on Yuba and Feather rivers, the southern Pacific railroad, 52 miles N. of Sacramento. Has considerable navigation and trade, and contains Notre Dame College, and buildings in the Spanish style. Iron foundries, fruit canneries, woolen mills, and gold dredging employ many hands. Pop. (1910) 5,340; (1920) 5,461.  MARYVILLE COLLEGE, a coeducational institution in Maryville, Tenn., founded in 1819 under the auspices of the Presbyterian Church; reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instructors, 60; students, 826; productive funds, $803,701; president, Samuel T. Wilson.  MASAI, a people of British East Africa, dwelling in a district that includes Kilimanjaro, Kenia, and Lake Baringo. The S. half of the district is low and barren, with no rivers and little rain, while in the N. it rises into a plateau region (5,000 to 9,000 feet), rich