Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 05.djvu/99

LEFT HUDSON BAY TERRITORY 75 HUERTA "wearied of the strife at last, and united under the name of the Hudson's Bay Fur Company. The new company estab- lished factories and settlements in vari- ous parts. The monopoly of this com- pany ceased in 1859. HUDSON BAY TERRITORY, under this name is comprised a large propor- tion of N. W. America, extending from lat. 49° to 70° N., and from Cape Charles, Labrador, to the mouth of the Macken- zie river; area, between 2,000,000 and 3,000,000 square miles. Reindeer, musk- ox, moose-deer or elk, and other kinds of deer, bears, wolves, wolverines, foxes, beavers, otters, raccoons, and other small animal's, valuable on account of their skins or flesh, abound. The inhabitants are Esquimaux and Indians. The Euro- peans settled here who are generally connected with the Hudson's Bay Com- pany, (q. v.). In 1870 this immense ter- ritory was ceded to the Dominion of Canada, and now forms the province of British Columbia and Manitoba and the Northwest Territories. See Canada, Dominion of. HUDSON RIVER, a river in New York State, and one of the most beauti- ful and important in America. It rises in the Adirondack Mountains, 4,326 feet above the level of the sea, its head- streams being the outlets of many moun- tain lakes. At Glen's Falls it has a fall of 50 feet, and soon after, taking a S. course, runs nearly in a straight line to its mouth at New York City. It is tidal up to Troy, 151 miles from its mouth. Below Newburgh, 60 miles from New York, the river enters the highlands, which rise abruptly from the water to the height of 1,600 feet. Here historical associations add to the interest of scen- ery of singular beauty and grandeur: here was the scene of Arnold's treason and of Andre's fate ; and at West Point, the seat of the United States Military Academy, 8 miles below Newburgh, are the ruins of Fort Putnam, built during the war of independence. Emerging from the highlands, the river widens into a broad expanse called Tappan Zee, which is 4^/^ miles wide and 13 long. Below, on the right bank, a steep wall of trap rock, called the Palisades, rises from the river's edge. The river from here is known as the North river, and after passing between New York and Ho- boken and Jersey City, it falls into New York Bay. Its whole length is about 350 miles, and its principal tributaries are the Sacondaga, Mohawk, and Wall- kill. The river, named from the Eng- lish navigator who explored it in 1609 (see Hudson, Henry), is connected by canals with Lakes Erie and Champlain, and with the Delaware river. There are three double-tube tunnels under the North river, one opposite 34th Street, one opposite Washington Square, and one opposite Cortlandt Street. Robert Fulton's first successful experiment in steamboat navigation was made on this river in 1807. HUE (ho-a'), the capital of Anam, a French protectorate 10 miles from the mouth of the Hue river, or Truongtien. In 1801 it was strongly fortified by French officers. Since the treaty of Hue in 1884 there is a French garrison in Thuanan, the port of Hue. There is little industry in Hue, which has a popu- lation with suburbs of about 65,000. See Anam. HUEFFER, OLIVER MADOX, a Brit- ish author. He was born in 1877 and was educated at University College School and on the continent. For a time he acted as war correspondent and became editor of the "Onlooker" and the "Throne." Was connected with different papers in England and the United States. When European war broke out served in the Somme Campaign, being wounded at Thiepval. His works (some under pseudonym of Joe Wardle) include: "Love's Disguises"; "In Arcadv and Out"; "Book of Witches"; "A Vagabond in New York"; "The Artistic Tempera- ment"; "Lord of Latimer Street"; "A Scarecrow Emperor"; "Down Stream." HUELVA (wel'va), a thriving town of Spain; near the confluence of the Odiel and the Tinto; 68 miles W. S. W. of Seville. Fishing and the plaiting of esparto grass are the chief industries. Huelva is the port for the important Rio Tinto copper mines, in British hands, and a shipping place for wine. Tons of copper ore, iron ore, besides manganese, quicksilver, wine, etc., are annually ex- ported. Pop. of town (1917) 34,492. The province of Huelva has an area of 3,913 square miles. Pop. (1917) 340,360. HUERTA, VICTORIANO, a Mexican soldier and President. Born in 1854 in Mexico and died in the United States in 1917. Descended from Spanish and na- tive races as a boy he entered the army and attracting by his keenness the at- tention of the high army officers he be- came a student in the Chapultepec Mili- tary College. He took part in the bat- tles which placed Diaz in power in 1876. During the intervening years until 1902 when he conducted a successful cam- naign against the Indians, General Huerta made himself an authority on the geography of Mexico. He conducted