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LEFT LEE 445 I<EE-CHEE under General McClellan. In the san- guinary campaign that ensued, General Lee, aided by "Stonewall" Jackson, made a vigorous assault on McClellan's army, and succeeded, in a series of severe bat- tles, known as the "Seven Days' Battles," in forcing it back from its position in front of Richmond. In August, of the same year. General Lee forced the Union army under General Pope to fall pre- cipitately back upon Washington. The campaigns he conducted in Maryland and Pennsylvania in 1862-1863 were, how- ever, not so fortunate. After fighting a hotly-contested and drawn battle at An- tietam, Sept. 17, 1862, Lee was obliged to retreat across the Potomac; and, though victorious in the first day's battle at Gettysburg (July 1, 1863), he met with a disastrous repulse two days after- ward, and was again compelled to retire across the Potomac. Previous to this, however, General Lee had signally de- feated General Burnside's army at Fred- ericksburg, Dec. 12-16, 1862, and also defeated General Hooker at Chancellors- ville, May 1-4, 1863. From August, 1863, till May, 1864, General Lee was en- gaged in operations along the line of the Rappahannock, and fought a succession of desperate battles in the Wilderness, and from there S. to his old position be- fore Richmond, during May, 1864. On Feb. 5, 1865, General Lee was appointed commander-in-chief of all the Confed- erate armies in the field, and till April in that year held the defenses of Peters- burg and Richmond, fighting several bat- tles to retain them. On April 2 he was at last dislodged from his intrenchments by superior forces, compelled to retreat from Petersburg, and eventually to sur- render himself and army to General Grant, April 9, after a long and gallant contest with his resolute and able adver- sary. General Lee was installed presi- dent of Washington College, Va., Oct. 2, 1865. He died in Lexington, Va., Oct. 12, 1870. LEE, SIR SIDNEY, an English scholar and writer, born in London, in 1859. He was educated at Balliol Col- lege, Oxford, and became in 1883 assist- ant editor of the "Dictionary of National Biography," and on the death of Sir Les- lie Stephen, he was appointed successor. To this work he contributed about 800 articles. He lectured at Oxford and Cambridge, and in 1903 at the Lowell In- stitute of Boston. In 1913 he was ap- pointed professor of English language and literature in the University of Lon- don. He was considered an authority on matters relating to Shakespeare, and wrote much on that subject. His "Life LEE-CHEE. Vol. V— Cyc — CC of Shakespeare" is considered to be the final authority. It was published in 1898. He wrote "A Life of Queen Vic- toria"; "Great Englishmen of the Six- teenth Century" (1904); "Shakespeare and the Modern Stage" (1906); "The French Renaissance in England" (1910). LEE, STEPHEN DILL, an American military officer; born in Charleston, S. C, Sept. 22, 1833. He was graduated at United States Military Academy in 1854. He served in the army till 1861, when he resigned to enter the Confederate service, rising through its military grades to that of Lieutenant-General. He fought gal- lantly in the battles around Richmond, at the second Bull Run, and other engage- ments. After the Civil War he was prominent in organizations of Confed- erate veterans. In 1899 he became com- mander of the Vicksburg National Park. He died in 1908. LEECH, any individual of the suc- torial order Hirudinea, of which the best known examples are the horseleech and the medicinal lech, under which name two species are commonly employed : H. medi- cinalis, chiefly imported from Germany, Bohemia, and Russia; and the Hunga- rian leech (i/. officinalis). Greenish-olive to dark green. The body is composed of from 90 to 100 rings, and furnished with a discal and caudal sucker. The anterior sucker is small, the mouth furnished with three semicircular toothed jaws meeting in a point. They are not fit for medical purposes before the age of 12 or 18 months. They inhabit pools and marshy places; and in the S. of France they are bred in large marshes chiefly for the continental market. Leeches are employed for the local extraction of blood. LEECH, JOHN, an English artist and humorist; born in London, England, Aug. 29, 1817. He was educated at the Char- terhouse School. He studied at St. Bar- tholomew's Hospital, but forsook medi- cine to draw on wood. His fii'st im- portant woi'k was illustrations to the "Ingoldsby Legends." In 1841 he joined the staff of "Punch." For that periodical he worked with pre-eminent success, sup- plying weekly political satires and pic- tures of all phases of English life. His designs for "Punch" have nearly all been republished as "Pictures of Life and Character," and as "Pencillings fx'om Punch." He also executed the illustra- tions for "Mr. Sponge's Sporting Tour," "The Comic History of England," and other books. He died suddenly in Lon- don, Oct. 29, 1864. See LiTCHi.