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LEFT LANE 412 LANG lottetown, Prince Edward Island, in 1854. He was brought to California in his early childhood and was educated at the University of California. He en- gaged in newspaper work and also studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1889. From 1897 to 1902 he was corporation counsel of San Francisco. In the latter year he was Democratic candidate for governor of the State. From 1905 to March, 1913, he was a member of the Interstate Commerce Commission. He was also a member of the permanent International Railway Commission, representing the United States Government. On March 5, 1913, FRANKLIN K. LANE he became Secretary of the Interior in President Wilson's Cabinet and continued in this post until May, 1920, when he resigned. He was universally considered to be one of the strongest members of his Cabinet and one of its few members who remained in active service during the greater part of both the terms of President Wilson. During the war he ivas a member of the Central Committee of the American National Red Cross. In 1916 he was a member of the American- Mexican High Commission. In 1918 he was chairman of the Railroad Wage Commission and was also chairman of the International Industrial Conference held in 1919. with Elkin Matthews of the Bodley Head publishing business, 1887, dissolving partnership, 1894. Has since conducted the business alone, establishing a branch in New York, 1905. Founded "Yellow Book" (1894), and art edition of it from volume 4. His personal works include: "Introduction to Life of Sir James Bod- ley"; "Sir Caspar Purdon Clark." LANE, RALPH NORMAN ANGELL, an American journalist and advocate of peace, writing under the name of Nor- man Angell, born in England in 1874. He was educated in England, France and Switzerland. In 1891 he engaged in ranching in the western pert of the United States. From 1896 to 1898 he worked on various newspapers. He was editor of the "Paris Daily Messenger" from 1900 to 1904 and from 1905 to 1912 was General Manager of the "Paris Daily Mail." In 1911 he published "The Great Illusion" which had an enormous sale throughout the civilized world. The book was written in condemnation of the employment of force in international re- lations and urged the adoption of co- operation. Other writings along similar lines were "Patriotism Under Three Flags," (1903) ; "Peace Theories and the Balkan War," (1912) ; "Army and Indus- try," (1914) ; "America and the New World State," (1915). During the war he wrote much in the pacifist vein. LANFRANC, 1st archbishop of Can- terbury after the Norman Conquest; born in Pavia, Italy, about 1005. He was educated at Pavia for the law; about 1039 left Italy, and founded a school of law at Avranches; three years later took the monastic vows at the Bene- dictine monastery of Bee, and in 1045 was chosen its prior. He figured promi- nently in the Berengarian controversy as to the real presence, ranging himself against Berengarius (see Berengarius OF Tours). About 1053 he came into close contact with William of Normandy. Though he at first condemned this prince's marriage with his cousin, he afterward (1059) went personally to Rome to procure the papal dispensation for it. As a reward for this service William made him prior of his new foundation, the abbey of St. Stephen at Caen (1066), and in 1070 promoted him to the primacy of England by making him Archbishop of Canterbury in place of the deposed Stigand. He died in May, 1089, leaving commentaries, sermons, let- ters, and a work against Berengar. LANE, JOHN, an English publisher. LANG, ANDREW, an English au- Born W. Putford, England, 1854, and thor; born in Selkirk, March 31, 1844. educated at Chulmleigh. Joint-founder He was educated at Edinburgh Academy,