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LEFT IMAUS 125 IMMATERIALISM imagination considered simply as re-ex- hibiting or representing the objects pre- sented by perception, that is, exhibiting them without addition or retrenchment, or any change in the relations which they reciprocally held when first made known to us through sense. The pro- ductive or creative imagination is that which is usually signified by the term imagination or fancy in ordinary lan- guage. There are different kinds of imagination, as there are different kinds of intellectual activity. There is the imagination of abstraction, the imagina- tion of wit, the imagination of judgment, the imagination of reason, the imagina- tion of feeling, and the imagination of the passions. IMAUS (i-ma'us), a name applied by the ancients sometimes to the Hindu Kush and the W. part of the Himalayan range, and sometimes in a vague way to a range in Central Asia (supposed to be the Altaian Mountains), which they be- lieved to divide the vast region to which they gave the name of Scythia, into two parts. IMBECILITY, the quality or state of being imbecile; weakness, mentally or physically. IMBERT, BABTHELEMI (a7i^-bar'), a French poet; born in Nimes, in 1747. He attained celebrity with "The Judgment of Paris," a specimen of deli- cately wrought and musical versification. He also wrote a "Book of Fables." He died Aug. 23, 1790. IMBERT, DE SAINT-AMAND, AR- THUR (angr-bar' duh sangt-a.-m.a.ng), a French biographer and historian; born in Paris, Nov. 22, 1834. His career was a diplomatic and official one till he began a study of the lives of the women of the old French courts, of the First Empire, and of the Restoration. His "Women of Versailles" and "Women of the Tuileries" are fine examples of realistic biography. His studies of the Napoleonic royalties sustain the reputation established by the earlier works. He died in 1900. IMBROS, an island of the ^gean Sea; about 14 miles N. E. of Lemnos and the same distance W. of the mouth of the Dardanelles; area 98 square miles. The island is mountainous, its highest sum- mit attaining 1,959 feet above sea-level. Goats and bees are kept. The inhabi- tants cultivate the soil and carry on fish- ing. The chief village, Kastron, is on the N. coast, and occupies the site of the ancient town of Imbros. It is the seat of a metropolitan of the Greek Church. During the World War Imbros was one A'ol. V- of the Turkish islands in the archipelago seized by Greece. Most of these Greece has kept, but by a decision of the Su- preme Council Imbros is to be handed back to Turkey. IMITATIO CHRISTI, a famous book highly prized by devout Christians of all confessions, and translated into more languages than any book except the Bible. The question of its authorship has given rise to a great controversy. It was formerly attributed unhesitating- ly to Thomas a Ke«ipis, and the best authorities still regard it as his work. IMITATION, in music, the repetition of a short subject by another part. The subject proposed is sometimes called the antecedent, and the passage which afterward imitates it the consequent. Imitation by diminution is when the con- sequent is in notes half the length of those of the antecedent. Imitation by inversion is when the intervals of the antecedent are inverted in order to form the consequent. Imitation is said to be convertible when antecedent and conse- quent are interchangeable. If strict imitation be continued for any length of time, it is said to be canonical. IMMACULATE CONCEPTION, a name applied to the dogma defined by Pope Pius IX., on Dec. 8, 1854, that the immaculate conception of Mary is an article of divine faith. According to the dogma, in her active conception, or gen- eration, there was nothing miraculous; but in the passive conception, or infusion of a rational soul, she was sanctified and preserved from the taint of original sin by the foreseen merits of Christ. IMMANENCE, the notion that the intelligent and creative principle of the universe pervades the universe itself, a fundamental conception of Pantheism. IMMANUEL (im-manu-el), the name which was to be given to a child who, it was prophesied by Isaiah, was to be born of haalmah, i. e., the virgin. The pro- phecy is applied to the miraculous birth of Jesus. IMMATERIALISM, a term some- times so widely taken as to be a synonym for Idealism or Phenomenalism; more usually limited to the doctrine of George Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne (1684-1753). Prof. A. C. Eraser reduces this system to three principles : The negation of mat- ter, as signifying an unpercei'ing and unperceived substance proper, of the. Ego; and, as cause proper, of a reason- able will; The affirmation of matter, as consisting of the ideas, objects, or perceptions of sense; of material sub- -Cyc — I