Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 05.djvu/109

LEFT HUNTER 85 HUNTINGTON chairman of the commission which tried the conspirators against the life of Presi- dent Lincoln; bre vetted major-general, U. S. A., March 13, 1865, and was re- tired on account of age, July 31, 1866. He died in Washington, D. C, Feb. 2, 1886. HUNTER, JOHN, a British surgeon and physiologist^ born in Long Calder- wood, Lanarkshire, Scotland, Feb. 13, 1728. He went as assistant to his brother William, a prosperous sui'geon in London. In 1756 he was appointed house-surgeon at St. George's Hospital. In 1760 he became staff -surgeon and went with the army to Portugal. In 1768 he was appointed surgeon to St. George's Hospital; in 1790 surgeon- general to the army, and inspector- general of hospitals. Hunter contrib- uted greatly to the development of Eng- lish surgery, as well as to the advance of anatomy and physiology. One of his chief works was "The Blood, Inflamma- tion and Gunshot Wounds" (1794). His museum was purchased by the Govern- ment and presented to the Royal College of Surgeons. He died in London, Eng- land, Oct. 16, 1793. HUNTER, WILLIAM, a British an- atomist and obstetrician, elder brother of John Hunter; born in Long Calderwood, Lanarkshire, Scotland, May 23, 1718. Originally educated for the Church at Glasgow University, he studied medicine for one session (1740-1741) at Edin- burgh, and went through a long training in anatomy at St. George's Hospital, London. In 1747 he was admitted a member of the Corporation of Surgeons, ultimately confining his practice to mid- wifery. In 1764 he was appointed phy- sician-extraordinary to Queen Charlotte. Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, he in 1768 became Professor of Anatomy to the Royal Academy. His museum was bequeathed to his brother-in-law. Dr. Baillie, and after him, with an endow- ment of $400,000, to Glasgow University. He wrote: "An Anatomical Description ©f the Human Gravid Uterus and Its Contents." He died in London, England, March 30, 1783. HUNTER, FORT, a defensive work at the confluence of the Mohawk rivei- and Schoharie creek, N. Y., where many severe conflicts took place during the Revolutionary and the French-Indian Wars. HUNTING, in ordinary language, the act or practice of hunting game or wild animals; the chase as a means of liveli- hood or for sport. In campanology, a term in change-ringing. HUNTINGDON, a bol^3Ugh and county-seat of Huntingdon co., Pa.; on the Juniata river, and on the Pennsyl- vania and the Huntingdon and Broad Top Mountain railroads; 202 miles W. of Philadelphia. It is the farming and mining trade center of the county; has coal mines, and stove, hosiery, sewer- pipe, and furniture factories. It is the seat of Juniata College, Orphans' Home, and State Industrial Reformatory. There are electric lights, public high school, daily and weekly newspapers, and National banks. Pop. (1910) 6,861; (1920) 7,051. HUNTINGDON, SELINA, COUNT- ESS OF, an English reformer, daughter of Washington Shirley, 2d Earl Ferrers; born Aug. 24, 1707. She married the Earl of Huntingdon in 1728, and became a widow in 1746. Adopting the princi- ples of the Calvinistic Methodists, she made the famous George Whitetield one of her chaplains, and assumed a leader- ship among his followers, who came to be known as "The Countess of Huntingdon's Connection." For the education of min- isters she established and maintained a college at Trevecca; and built, or became possessed of, numerous chapels, the prin- cipal one being at Bath. She died June 17, 1791. HUNTINGDONSHIRE, an east-mid- land county of England, with an area of about 365 square miles. It is almost agricultural or pasture land, producing most of the standard vegetables. There are manufactures of paper, parchment, and tile. Pop. about 56,000. The capi- tal is Huntingdon. HUNTINGTON, a city and county- seat of Huntington co., Ind.; on both sides of the Little river, and on the Wabash, the Cincinnati, Bluft'ton and Chicago, and the Erie railroads; 48 miles E. of Logansport. It is in the center of a large coal mining and lime burning region, and has abundant water power, used in railroad i-epair shops, lime and cement works, bicycle, shoe, plow, and barrel factories. It has elec- tric lights, public library, public high schools, daily and weekly newspapers, and a National bank. Pop. (1910) 10,272; (1920) 14,000. HUNTINGTON, a city in Cabell co., W. Va.; on the Ohio and Guyandotte rivers, and on the Chesapeake and Ohio, and the Baltimore and Ohio railroads; 52 miles W. of Charleston. It has steam- ship communications with all ianportant river ports, and extensive manufactures of railway cars, brick, machinery, ice, etc., and the shops of the Chesapeake