Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 04.djvu/549

LEFT HABDINO 469 HARDINGE th« Ohio Central College at New Iberia, and completed the course, which was hardly more than a high school course of the present day. He showed consid- erable aptitude in study and graduated with distinction. As an editor of the college paper, he showed a marked bent for the profession in which he after- ward engaKed, that of journalism. At about the time of his graduation from college, his father removed to Marion, Hardin co., O., a town of 4,000 people. Young Harding at once secured em- ployment in a newspaper office of the city, and there learned all the practical details of the printer's trade. Although he was not at this time active in politics, he ardently supported James G. Blaine. As the newspaper on which he was work- ing was Democratic in its political prefer- ences, Harding was discharged. He soon found the opportunity for realizing his ambition of owning himself a newspaper, and when the "Star," published in Marion, was about to be sold by the sheriff, Harding and a friend borrowed the few hundred dollars necessary and began its publication in November, 1884. After several years of financial dif- ficulties, the paper became a success, due in no small measure to the editorial policy of the paper and the editorials contributed by its editor. Harding soon became known as a forceful writer and a man of rapidly developing personality. His first entrance into active politics was his election to the State Senate in 1900. He was re-elected and at the expiration of his second term was chosen lieuten- ant-governor of Ohio. He declined the renomination for this office. In 1910 he was the Republican candidate for gov- ernor, but was defeated. Following this he publicly announced his withdrawal from politics. Two years later found him in the thickest of the political fight in the support of the Republican candi- date for the presidency. He declared himself a candidate for the Senate in 1914 and was nominated, defeating Sen- ator Foraker. He was elected to the Senate by over 100,000 majority. He was the first Senator elected from Ohio under the system of direct elections. In the Senate, although not a frequent speaker, he was admitted to be one of the strongest members, and, when he did address the Chamber, he was listened to with closest attention. He supported, on the whole, all the important measures adopted by the progri'essive element of the party, including the woman's suf- frage amendment, the legislation in be- half of labor, child labor law, and measures of like character. He was a member of the Committee on Foreign Relations, and as such took an impor- tant part in the deliberations on the peace treaty, to the ratification of which, in the form in which it appeared before the Senate, he was opposed. The struggle between the radical and the progressive elements of the Republi- can party for the nomination for the presidency in June, 1920, naturally brought into consideration Senator Har- ding, who had not been aggressively identified with either section. He was, moreover, from Ohio, which was con- sidered to be one of the doubtful States. His strength in the Convention grew from the beginning, although he had no organization and had not declared him- self to be a candidate before the Con- vention met. His principal opponents were General Leonard Wood, Governor Lowden of Illinois, and Hiram John- son of California. The delegates, unable to compromise on any of these, selected Senator Harding. He was elected on November 2 by the largest majority ever given a presidential candidate. For an account of the presidential election, see United States History. Following his election, Senator Harding made a brief trip to the Panama Canal and the Canal Zone, where he was received with great enthusiasm. On his return he devoted himself to the selection of his cabinet officers and to conferences with prom- inent representatives of the policy to be followed during his administration. HARDINGE (-ding), HENRY HARDINGE, VISCOUNT, a British soldier and governor-general of India; born in Wrotham, Kent, England, March 30, 1785. Gazetted an ensign in 1798, he served through the Peninsular war, being wounded at Vimiera and Vittoria. and taking a decisive part in the san- guinary contest at Albuera. From 1809 to 1813 he was also attached to the Por- tuguese army as a deputy quartermaster- general. On the renewal of hostilities after Napoleon's escape from Elba, he hastened to join Wellington, who ap- pointed him commissioner at the Prus- sian headquarters. In consequence of a severe wound received at Ligny he was unable to take part in the battle of Waterloo. From 1820 to 1844 he was active in Parliament, holding the office of Secretary of War under Wellington in 1828, and afterward the chief secre- taryship of Ireland under the same duke and under Peel, In 1844 he was ap- pointed governor-general of India, He was present at the battles of Mudki, Firozshah, and Sobraon in the first Sikh war, as second in command to Lord Gough. After the peace of Lahore (1845) he was created a viscount, and