Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 04.djvu/410

LEFT GODLESS MONTH 346 GODWIN GODLESS MONTH, in comparative mytholgy, the 10th month of the Japan- ese year, so called because then the lesser divinities were considered to be absent from their temples, for the purpose of paying the annual homage due to the celestial Dairi. GODMER, a British giant, son of Albion, slain by Canutus, one of the com- panions of Brute. GODOLLO (ge-del-le), a market-town of Hungary, 15 miles N. E. of Pest, with a royal castle and park presented by the Hungarians in 1867 to their king, the Emperor of Austria-Hungary. Here, April 7, 1849, the Austrian forces were defeated by the Hungarians. Pop. about 6,000. GODOY, MANUEL DE (go-doi'), a Spanish statesman; born in Badajoz, Feb. 12, 1767. He went to Madrid at an early age; in 1787 entered the company of bodyguards; was called to the council of state; in 1792 succeeded Aranda as first minister, and immediately declared war on France. At the peace in 1795 he was made a grandee of Spain of the first class, and received the title of Prince of the Peace. Signing, in opposition to the general desire of the nation, the treaty of St. Hdefonso, an offensive and defensive alliance with France, in 1796, he found all parties and classes in the state his enemies and was forced to re- sign office in March, 1798. Soon rein- stated, he married, from political motives, Donna Maria Thereza de Bourbon, though he was already secretly married to Donna Josefa Tudo. In 1800 he com- manded an expedition against Portugal. He attached himself to Napoleon; the insurrection of Aranjuez, in March, 1808, prevented his escape as purposed with the royal family, and on the abdication of Charles he was imprisoned. He was present at Bayonne on the signature of the new abdication, and he accompanied the royal family to Marseilles and Rome. On his wife's death he avowed his mar- riage with Josefa Tudo; settled at Paris in 1835, and died there Oct. 7, 1851. GOD'S ACRE, a burying-ground at- ta«hed to a church or place of worship. GOD'S TRUCE, in the Middle Ages, a means introduced by the Church to check in some measure the hostile spirit of the times, by establishing certain days or periods during which all private feuds were to cease. It seems to have taken its rise about latter part of the 10th or beginning of the 11th century. At first the Church forbade all feuds on those days of the week which were especially consecrated by the death and resurrection of Christ; namely, from Thursday evening to Monday morning. Afterward the period was extended so as to include the whole of Thursday and from the beginning of Advent to the Epi- phany, and certain other times and saints' days. The precincts of churches, convents, and graveyards were also in- terdicted from any hostile encounters. GODWIN, Earl of the West Saxons. He was probably son of the South- Saxon Wulfnoth, who was outlawed in 1009, and regained his father's lands by his conduct in the contest with Canute. By 1018 he was an earl, and the year after he married the daughter of Ulf, and soon became Earl of the West Saxons. In 1042 he took the foremost part in raising Edward to the English throne, and was rewarded by the marriage of his daugh- ter Edith to the English king. Godvsdn led the struggle against the worthless king's fondness for foreign favorites, and thus incurred the enmity of the court party. The king heaped insults on Queen Edith, seized her dower, and her money, and closely confined her in the monas- tery of Wherwell. Godwin and his sons were banished, but they contrived to keep alive the antipathy of the English to the Norman favorites of Edward, and in the summer of 1052 landed on the S. coast of England. The royal troops, the navy, and vast numbers of the burghers and peasants went over to Godwin ; and final- ly the king was forced to grant his de- mands, and replace his family in all. their offices. Godwin died April 14, 1053. GODWIN, MARY, also known by her maiden name of Mary Wollstonecraft, an English author; born in London, April 27, 1759. She set up a school in conjunction with her sister, at Islington in 1783. In 1786 she published "Thoughts on the Education of Daughters." This was followed by an answer to Burke's "Reflections on the French Revolution." the "Vindication of the Rights of Wom- an," etc. She had peculiar ideas on mar- riage, and formed a somewhat loose con- nection with one Imlay, whose desertion caused her to attempt suicide. Some time after she fixed her affection on William Godwin. As the bonds of wedlock were deemed a species of slavery in her theory, it was only to legitimize the forthcoming fruits of the union that a marriage be- tween the parties took place. She died in giving birth to a daughter, who became the wife of Shelley the poet. Among her other works are: "Moral and Historical View of the French Revolu- tion"; "Letters from Sweden, Norway, and Denmark." She died in London, Sept. 10, 1797. See Godwin, William.