Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 04.djvu/398

LEFT GLOCKEBITE 384 GLOUCESTER chloride of sodium solution and precipi- tating with water. GIX)CKERITE, a brown, ocher-yellow, brownish-black, pitch-black, or dull- green mineral; massive, sparry, or earthy and stalactitic. Found in Hanover; also at Modum, in Norway. GLOCKNEB, a mountain in Austria belonging to the Noric Alps, on the fron- tiers of the Tyrol, Carinthia, and Salz- burg. It is 12,350 feet in height, and takes its name from the resemblance of the principal summit to a large bell. GLOGAU, or GROSSGLOGAU, the capital of a district in Prussian Silesia, Germany, situated on the Oder, 60 miles northwest of Breslau, on the Oder river. Here is located a second class fortress, built on an island in the river. GLOMMEN, the largest river in Nor- way, issuing from Lake Aursund, at 2,339 feet above sea-level, and winding 350 miles to the Skager Rack at Fred- erikstad. Its course is interrupted by frequent waterfalls, the last, with a de- scent of 74 feet, being the Sarpsfos, 7 miles from the mouth. It is only navi- gable a few miles above and below Sarps- fos. Its most important affluent is the Vormen from Lake Mjosen. GLORY PEA, a leguminous plant, native of the desert regions of Austra- lia. It is a low straggling shrub with light-colored, hairy, pinnate leaves, and large, brilliant scarlet flowers, the stand- ard or banner petal of which appears in the form of an elongated shield with a dark brown boss in the center. GLOSS, the name is ^ven to the in- terpretations or explanations of the Jus- tinian code, which were generally written between the lines of the text and on the margin, and were hence called "glossae interlineares" and "glossae marginales." These glosses were sometimes held to be of equal authority with the text itself. Accursius, who died about 1260, collected and arranged the glosses of his prede- cessors. The practice of introducing glosses was also adopted with the books of the canon law. GLOSSANTHRAX (-an'-), a disease affecting herbivorous animals, especially cattle and horses. It is characterized by dark-colored carbuncles on the tongue. GLOSSARY, a vocabulary or diction- ary of glosses, or explanations of words obsolete or rare, or occurring only in works of a special class as technical terms, or of provincial dialectal forms of words. GLOSSITIS (-s!-tis), inflammation of the tongue. When it occurs, it is gener- ally as a symptom of some other disease. The tongue when inflamed often becomes too large for the mouth. GLOTTIS, the mouth of the wind-pipe. It constitutes a narrow aperture covereo by the epiglottis when one holds his breath or swallows. It contributes by dilatation and contraction to the modu- lation of the voice. It is sometimes called the rima glottis. GLOUCESTER (glos'ter), a city and parliamentary borough, river port and county-seat of Gloucester co., England; on the left bank of the Severn, here di- vided into two channels inclosing the Isle of Alney and crossed by two fine bridges, 95 miles N. W. of London. It carries on a considerable shipping trade, the Gloucester and Berkeley canal giving ac- cess to the docks. The most remarkable public edifice is the cathedral; it was originally the church of a Benedictine abbey, dating from 1058, and was con- verted into a cathedral at the Reforma- tion. It exhibits a great variety of styles, the choir, with its roof of fan tra- cery being a fine example of Perpendicu- lar Gothic. Other buildings are several handsome old churches, the shire hall, the guildhall, the bishop's palace, and county schools of art and science. The schools include the collegiate school founded by Henry VIII., the theological college, the blue-coat school founded in 1666, now known as Sir Thomas Rich's school, and the grammar school of St. Mary de Crypt, founded in the time of Henry VIL Pop. (1919) 50,000. GLOUCESTER, a city and port of en- try of Essex CO., Mass., and Massachu- setts Bay, near the extremity of Cape Ann, and on the Boston and Maine rail- road; 32 miles N. E. of Boston. It is one of the most important fishing ports and fish markets in the world, having over 5,000 men engaged in the fisheries. Cod, haddock, halibut, herring, and mack- erel are the principal catches. The Cape Ann granite quarries employ nearly 2,000 men, and supplied the granite for the postoffices at Boston and Baltimore and the East River bridge. The city is a popular summer resort, and has con- siderable historical interest. It was founded in 1623, principally by settlers from Gloucester, England, from which it received its name; was incorporated as a town in 1642 ; and became a city in 1874. It has the oldest Universalist Church in the United States, founded in 1770. There are the Sawyer Public Library, electric lights and street railroads, the Gilbert Hospital, Gilbert Home, Huntress Home for Aged Women, high school, daily and weekly newspapers, waterworks, and 2