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LEFT GLEB^ ADSCRIPTI 331 GLENDALE tion. While on special service in com- mand of the Dolphin, he discovered the greatest depth in the North Atlantic Ocean. In 1908 he established the first government torpedo factory. He was awarded the Victory medal with star, and the Distinguished Service Medal, and was commander of the French Legion of Honor. He was the author of "Cap- tain James Lawrence, U. S. N." (1904). GLEBiE ADSCBIPTI (gle'be ad-skrip' ti), in the Roman empire, from the 4th century onward, the cultivators of the soil, who, though personally free, were inseparably attached to the land they cultivated. They paid a fixed rent in kind to the owner of the domain, and, when he retained any land in his own hands, they were generally under the obligation to render him free a deter- minate amount of labor to till it. If the land was sold, they still remained at- tached to it. The Helots of Sparta were also glebse adscripti. GLEBE, in the established Churches of England and Scotland, the land possessed as part of the revenue of an ecclesiastical benefice, usually along with a dwelling house. GLEDITSCHIA, a genus of plants, order Fo.haceae. They are trees, with supra-axillary, branched spines; leaves abruptly pinnate and bi-pinnate, often in the same specimen. G. triacanthus, the honey locust, is a fine ornamental tree, native from Pennsylvania to Missouri, and now common in cultivation. Its branches are armed with stout, triple spines. In favorable circumstances it attains the height of 70 feet. The thorns, with which its branches are armed in a most formidable manner, are 2 to 3 inches long. Foliage light and elegant, the flowers are small, white, suc- ceeded by flat, crooked hanging pods. Seeds flat, hard, brown, imbedded in a fleshy substance; at first sweet, but be- comes sour. GLEE, a musical composition for voices in harmony, consisting of two or more contrasted movements, with the parts so contrived that they may be termed a series of interwoven melodies. It may be written for three or more voices, either equal or mixed; but it is necessary that there should be only one voice to a part. It may be designed with or without instrumental accompaniment, and set to words in any style. As a com- position the glee appears to have his- torically followed the catch. GLEEMEN, itinerant minstrels, so called by the Anglo-Saxons; by the Latin writers of the Middle Ages they are termed joculatores. The name appears to have been supplanted by the Norman minstrels shortly after the Conquest. GLENALMOND (-a'mond), a valley of Perthshire, Scotland, much visited for its scenery, and for Ossian's grave — the sub- ject of Wordsworth's verses on the "Narrow Glen." It is the seat of Trinity College, Glenalmond (1847), whose build- ings have been to some extent repro- duced in those of Trinity College, Hart- ford, Conn. GLENCOE (-ko), a valley in the county of Argyle, near the head of Loch Etive, Scotland. It is bounded on both sides by almost perpendicular mountains over 3,000 feet high. The valley was the scene of a tragedy known as the mas- sacre of Glencoe. The state of the Highlands after 1690 was a subject of great anxiety to the government. Al- though the Highlanders had ceased any knportant operations since the death of Dundee at Killiecrankie, they had not laid down their arms. In 1691 a proc- lamation was issued promising pardon to all who should swear allegiance on or before Dec. 31, 1691. All the chiefs, with the exception of one Ian of Glencoe, complied. The latter had unfortunately exceeded the prescribed period, and a certificate which he produced to prove that he had offered to take the oaths at Fort William was suppressed, as is thought by Stair. The king's signature was obtained to an order to extirpate the MacDonalds. On Feb. 1 a party of soldiers, 120 in number, commanded by Captain Campbell of Glenlyon, marched up the glen and took quarters as friends. The soldiers belonged mostly to the clan Campbell, enemies of the MacDonalds, but they were well treated, and all went merrily for 12 days. At 5 in the moi-n- ing of the 13th Glenlyon and his men suddenly fell on the MacDonalds. Thirty- eight men were murdered, but many who had escaped perished in the snow, sank into bogs, or died for lack of food. GLEN COVE, a city in Nassau county. New York. It is on the Long Island Railroad, and on Long Island Sound. It is chiefly a residential city, but has some manufactures. It has excellent public schools and a public library. It is the seat of a Friends' Academy. It was in- corporated in 1918. Pop. (1920) 8,664. GLENDALE, a city of California, in Los Angeles co. It is on the Pacific Elec- tric and the San Pedro, Los Angeles, and Salt Lake railroads. Its public institu- tions include a sanitarium, a public library, and a high school. It is the center of an important fruit-growing district. Pop. (1910) 2,746; (1920) 13,536.