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LEFT FEDOR 111 FEISI tional organic union were called Federal- ists, and numbered in their ranks such men as George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, and others, while those favor- ing the sovereignty of the States were called Republicans, among them being Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and others equally distinguished. The Repub- licans in this contest were victorious. Later in the history of the country the Federalists became known as Whigs, while the Republicans were called Demo- crats. FEDOR. See Feodor. FEE, a reward, compensation, or re- turn for services rendered. It is espe- cially applied to the money paid to pro- fessional men for their services; as, a lawyer's fees, marriage fees, etc. In feudal law, fee applied to all lands and tenements which were held by any acknowledgment of superiority to a high- er lord; land held by the benefit of an- other, and in name whereof the grantee owed services or paid rent, or both, to a superior lord. In American and English law, a free- hold estate of inheritance, descendable to heirs general, and liable to alienation at the pleasure of the proprietor. (1) A tenant in fee-simple (also called fee- absolute) is one who has lands, tene- ments, or hereditaments, to hold to him and his heirs forever; generally abso- lutely and simply; without mentioning what heirs, but referring that to his own pleasure or to the disposition of the law. This is property in its highest degree. (2) Limited fees, or such estates of in- heritance as are clogged with conditions, are of two sorts: qualified, or base fees; and fees conditional, so called at the com- mon law; and afterward fees-tail, in con- sequence of the statute de donis (con- cerning gifts). (a) A base, or qualified, fee is such a one as has a qualification subjoined thereto, and which must be determined whenever the qualification annexed to it is at an end. (6) A conditional fee, at the common law, was a fee restrained to some par- ticular heirs, exclusive of others; as to the heirs of a man's body, by which only his lineal descendants were admitted in exclusion of collateral heirs; or to the heirs male of his body, in exclusion both of collaterals, and lineal females also. FEEBLE-MINDED, THE, a defective class of children for whom educational advantages are provided by special State institutions. Several State insti- tutions are for the feeble-minded irre- spective of age or sex; some are for vomen or for children only; and one, Washington, is for defective youth gen- erally. There are also a number of private schools for this class of youth. FEEJEE ISLANDS. See FIJI IS- LANDS. FEELING, the tensation or impression produced in the mind when a material body is touched by any part of the body ; a physical sensation of any kind due to any one of the senses; as, a feeling of warmth, or of cold; also a mental sen- sation or emotion; mental state; sensi- tiveness. Classifying them by their functions, they may be divided into centrally initiated feelings called emotions, and peripherally initiated feelings called sen- sations. These last again are subdivided into epiperipheral sensations, being those which arise on the exterior surface of the body, and endoperipheral sensations, those which arise in its interior. The proximate components of mind are of two broadly contrasted kinds, feelings and the relations between them. Quan- tity of feeling is of two kinds, that which arises from intense excitation of a few nerves, and that which springs from slight excitation of many nerves. Feeling and sensibility, taken as moral properties, are awakened as much by the operations of the mind within it- self as by external objects. Suscepti- bility designates that property of the body or the mind which consists in being ready to take an affection from external objects, hence we speak of a person's susceptibility to take cold, or his susceptibility to be affected with grief, joy, or any other passion. FEHLING'S SOLUTION, a solution used to determine the amount of glucose in a solution. It is prepared by dis- solving in 200 cubic centimeters of dis- tilled water, 34.64 grammes of pure crystallized cupric sulphate, previously powdered and pressed between blotting paper, and mixing it with 174 grammes of Rochelle salt dissolved in 400 cubic centimeters of a solution of pure caustic soda. The liquid must be kept in bottles protected from the light, and from ab- sorption of CO: from the air. FEHMARN, or FEMERN (fa'mern), an island lying in the Baltic; taken from Denmark "in 1864 and now part of Schleswig-Holstein, Prussia. Area, 70 square miles; surface, level; soil, fertile, producing corn. Cattle are abundant. The inhabitants are mostly engaged in fishing and coastwise navigation. FEISI. ABtTL-FEIS IBN MUBARAK (fa-e-se), a celebrated Indo-Persian poet and scholar; born in Agra, India, in