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LEFT CODICIL 43 a present to the English King Charles I,, and believed to belong to the middle of the 5th century. A correct edition of it was printed in 1860. Codex B (called also Codex Vatica- mis). — The Vatican codex, or MS.; so named because preserved in the Vatican ; a very valuable MS., belonging, it is thought, to the middle of the 4th century, if not even older, it was discovered in the latter part of the 14th century. Codex C. — The Ephraem manuscript, so called because some of the composi- tions of Ephraem the Syrian had been written over it. It is supposed to be dated at least as early in the 5th century as Codex A. Codex D. — The manuscript of Beza, called after this eminent reformer, who presented it to the University of Cam- bridge in 1581. It is supposed to belong to the 6th century. Codex Aleph or Codex Sinaiticus: The Sinaitic codex, or manuscript; so called because Tischendorf, its discoverer, ob- tained it from the monastery of St. Katherine on Mount Sinai; the year of the great acquisition was 1859; dating, it is supposed, from the middle of the 4th century. An edition of it was pub- lished in 1865. CODICIL, a supplement to a will, whereby anything omitted is added, or any change demanded by the altered circumstances of the testator or the beneficiaries, is affected. A codicil is authenticated in the same manner as a will, and possesses the same privileges when holograph, or written by the hand of the testator himself. CODILLA, the coarsest part of hemp and also of flax, sorted out and separated from the rest. CODLIN MOTH (Carpocapsa pomo- nella), a small moth which infests apple trees. In the Northern States it flies in May, laying its eggs in the calyx after the blossoms fall; in a few days the larva hatches, in three weeks it becomes fully grown. COD-LIVER OIL, an oil obtained from the liver of the common cod. There are three kinds known in commerce, viz., pale, pale-brown, and dark-brown, the last possessing a very disagreeable taste and smell. Cod-liver oil was first recom- mended as a remedy for the debility in- duced by diseases of the lungs about the year 1833. CODMAN, JOHN, an American sea- captain and miscellaneous writer; born in Dorchester, Mass., 1814. He was author of "Sailors' Life and Sailors' Yarns" (1847) ; "The Mormon Country" COEDUCATION (1876); "Round Trip by Way of Pan- ama, etc." (1879); "Winter Sketches from the Saddle" (1888) ; etc. He died in Boston, Mass., April 6, 1900. CODY, WILLIAM FREDERICK, a former United States Government scout; born in Scott co., la., Feb. 26, 1845; better known as "Buffalo Bill," a name earned while employed by the Kansas Pacific railway to furnish meat for its laborers, when he slaughtered 4,280 buf- faloes in 18 months. He was an un- erring shot, a fearless rider and had some thrilling adventures among the savages. In 1872 he was elected to the Nebraska Legislature, and in 1883 or- ganized the "Wild West Show," with which he toured for 20 years. Author, "Life of Hon. W. F. Codv" (1879); "Story of the Wild West" (1888) ; "Ad- ventures of Buffalo Bill" (1904); "True Tales of the Plains" (1908). Died in 1917. COE COLLEGE, a coeducational in- stitution in Cedar Rapids, la.; organized in 1881, under the auspices of the Pres- byterian Church; reported at the end of 1919: Professors and instructors, 61; students, 1,032; president, J. A. Marquis, D. D., LL. D. COEDUCATION, a method of the liberal education of women and of men in the same college, under similar con- ditions, and with similar results. It is the method commonly prevailing in American colleges and universities. About three-fourths of all colleges are open to both men and women; the larger share of the remaining one-quarter are open to men only, and the balance, a small number, to women only. The method of coeducation began in Ohio sev- enty years ago. It has received constant enlargement. Nearly all State univer- sities are now open to both sexes with- out discrimination. Since coeducation has become the rule, and since separate colleges for women have been estab- lished, a method called the co-ordinate has come into view. It represents a uni- versity in which a college for women is established, and in which a college for men is also established, each college ad- ministered as a separate unit. Yet in its administration, certain executive of- ficers are frequently identical and the members of the two faculties may be granted the right to exchange instruc- tion. The more outstanding examples of this method are Barnard College in Columbia, Radcliffe in Harvard, the Sophie Newcomb College of Tulane Uni- versity, New Orleans, the Brown Uni- versity Women's College, and the Col- lege for Women of Western Reserve University.