Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 03.djvu/34

LEFT CLEEK-MAXWELL 18 CLEVELAND whose business used to be to lead the responses in the church services and to perform other duties connected with the parish; a parish Clerk. CLERK - MAXWELL, JAMES, a Scotch physicist; born in Edinburgh, Nov. 13, 1831. He was a Professor of Natural Philosophy in Marischal College, Aberdeen, in 1856-1860; of Physics and Astronomy in King's College, London, in 1860-1865; and of Experimental Physics in the University of Cambridge in 1871. Among his most important works are: "Essay on the Stability of Motion of Saturn's Rings," "Theory of Heat," "Electricity and Magnetism," and "Mat- ter and Motion." He died Nov. 5, 1879. CLERMONT, THE, the name given by Robert Fulton to the steamboat in which monarchy, founding with Malouet the Monarchical Club, and with Fontanes the Journal des Impartiaux. In 1791 he was charged with assisting the King in his attempt to escape, but was set free on swearing fidelity to the Assem- bly. In 1792, however, he was murdered by the mob at the house of the Countess de Brissac. CLEVELAND, city, county-seat and port of entry of Cuyahoga co., O.; the first city in population and importance in Ohio. It is built on both sides of the Cuyahoga river at its mouth, on the S. shore of Lake Erie. The city has a har- bor at the mouth of the river, giving safe anchorage for a large number of ships, secured by artificial breakwaters; for the coast, which here runs about N. ^ k /Uf "^^^=2:?-^ tecy^kiubs** 1 M ^-niafrT-inrM^.».t.EfaferNpWH P -S^ | %, ...sl-j'^*- " 1 THE "CLERMONT" he made his first trip from New York City to Albany in 1807. CLERMONT-FERRAND (klar-mon'- fa-ran'), a town of France, capital of the department of Puy-de-D6me; on a hill at the foot of the volcanic range in which the summit of the Puy is con- spicuous. It possessed considerable im- portance under the Romans, and became a bishop's see at a very early period. It Is an antique and gloomy town built of dark volcanic stone. The most remark- able edifices are the cathedral, a huge, irregular, gloomy pile, and the Church of Notre Dame, founded in 580. The manufactures are extensive, and the position of the town makes it an im- portant center of trade. Pop. about 70.000. CLERMONT-TONNERRE (klar-mon'- ton-nar'), the name of a noble French family, of whom one of the most cele- brated was Count Stanislas, born in 1747. At the breaking out of the Revo- lution of 1789 he endeavored to promote the establishment of a constitutional E., is naturally an open one. Great breakwaters run out on each side of the river at its mouth, forming commodious E. and W. harbors. Pop. (1890) 261,353; (1900) 381,768; (1910) 560,663; (1920) 796,841. ' ' V / The greater part of the city is on a plain elevated about 100 feet above the lake, and is laid out with much taste, especially the public squares and streets- The latter are wide and well paved, and an abundance of elms and other shade trees has given the city the name of "The Forest City." The two portions of the city are united by a stone viaduct, span- ning the river and valley, completed in 1878, and having a length of 3,211 feet. Three more viaducts connect various parts of the city and form a belt elevated roadway. The area of the city is 56.65 miles There are 946 miles of streets and 834.3 miles of sewers. The Street Railway Company operates 412.71 miles of track. The city is served by seven railroad lines. There is a municipal electric light- ing plant and 985 miles of water mains.
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