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LEFT CRABBE 183 CRAFTS Dec. 8, 1778; best known as the author of a "Dictionary of English Synonyms," published in 1816. He died near London, Dec. 4, 1851. CRABBE, GEORGE (krab), an Eng- lish poet; bom at Aldborough, Suffolk, in 1754. Having failed as a surgeon and apothecary in his native village he went to London to engage in literary work. Burke helped him to publish his poem "The Library," and soon after he entered the Church. He was appointed domestic chaplin to the Duke of Rutland, and afterward obtained ample preferment. In 1783 appeared the "Village," which was followed two years afterward by the "Newspaper." "The Parish Register" appeared in 1807. The "Borough" ap- peared in 1810 and was followed in 1812 by "Tales in Verse," and in 1819 by "Tales of the Hall." The latter years of Crabbe's life were spent in the peace- ful discharge of his professional duties at Trowbridge in Wiltshire. His poems fortified. The cathedral, a fine old Gothic edifice, contains monuments of many Polish kings, of Kosciusko, etc. The uni- versity was founded in 1364, but gradu- ally fell into decay, and was reorganized in 1817. It has a library of 300,000 volumes. Three miles from the city is a hill 65 feet high thrown up in 1820- 1823 in honor of Kosciusko. In November, 1914, the Russians reached the outer line of forts, but were repulsed by Austrian forces. The region around the city was the scene for concentrating German- Austrian armies for Mackensen's drive, which resulted in the reconquest of near- ly all of Galicia. As a result of the World War Cracow became a part of the new republic of Poland (q. v.). Pop. about 180,000. CRADLE, or "rocker," a mechanical contrivance used in placer mining, con- sisting of a box on rockers and moved by hand, used for washing out the gold- bearing soil. CRAB A. Common Crab. B. Blue Crab. are all characterized by homely truthful- ness, simplicity, and pathos. He died in Trowbridge, Wilts, in 1832. CRAB SPIDER or MATOUTOU, a spider that belongs to the typical genus of the family Mygalidse, which may be at once known by the shape of its man- dibles and the terrific claws which pro- ceed from them. In the greater number of spiders the claws are set horizontally, but in the Mygalidse they are bent dovym- ward, and strike the prey much as a lion clutches at his victim with his curved talons. The great crab spider preys on young birds and other small vertebrates. CRACOW, the old capital of Poland; in 1815-1846 capital of a republic of the same name later forming part of Aus- trian Galicia; is on the left bank of the Vistula, where it becomes navigable, and consists of Cracow proper, or the old city, and several suburbs. It is the see of a bishop, is well built and regularly CRADLE OF LIBERTY, a name by which Faneuil Hall, in Boston, is known. During the Revolution it was the favor- ite meeting place of the Americans. The name is also sometimes applied to the city of Boston. CRAFTS, WILBUR FISK, an Ameri- can clergyman and publicist, born in Fryeburg, Me., in 1850. He graduated from Wesleyan University in 1869 and was ordained a Methodist clergyman in 1867. In 1880 he joined the Congrega- tional Church, and in 1883 the Presby- terian, serving in pastorates in several churches in New England, Chicago, Brooklyn, and New York. Always having been active in Sunday School work, he founded, in 1889, the American Sabbath Union. He lectured throughout the United States as field secretary of this organization, and in 1895 founded and was superintendent of the International Reform Bureau. He made many journeys