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LEFT CH-LI 464 CHILLICOTHE spective fleets until they reached a pru- dent equilibrium. In May, 1905, an anal- ogous treaty that this time included Bra- zil was signed at Buenos Aires. From the initials of the three contracting gov- ernments this was known as the ABC treaty. In 1909 diplomatic relations with Peru were broken by Chile, but without war resulting. The long-standing dis- pute between the two nations regarding Tacna and Arica flared up again in 1919 and for a time war was threatened, but up to 1920 hostilities had been averted. The course of Chile during the World War was one of strict neutrality. In this she differed from most of the South American nations, which had ranged themselves on the side of the Allies either by a direct declaration of war against Germany or by the severance of diplo- matic relations with the latter power. The prevailing opinion in Chile was that Germany would win or that the war would practically result in a draw. The destruction of the German cruiser "Dres- den" by a British fleet in the territorial waters of Chile in 1916 brought forth a protest from the Chilean government, and Great Britain tendered an apology, which was accepted. The 109th anniver- sary of the establishment of the republic was celebrated Sept. 18, 1919. The presi- dent in 1920 was Juan Luis Sanfuentas, a Liberal Democrat, who was inaugu- rated Dec. 23, 1915. His term of office is for five years and he cannot be a can- didate for re-election for a consecutive period. On July 14, 1920, Chile called to the colors the military classes of 1915 to 1919 inclusive, in view of the possible emergencies arising from the Bolivian revolution. CHI-LI, CHIH-LI, or PE-CHI-LI, a maritime province of China. It has an area of 115,800 square miles and is bounded N. by Mongolia, E. by the gulf called Pe-Chi-Li. and by the province of Shang-Tung, and W. by the province of Shan-Hsi. Chi-Li is in many respects the most important of the Chinese prov- inces, containing as it does the imperial capital, Peking, and the treaty port of Tien-Tsin. The Great Wall runs across the whole of the N. part of Chi-Li, while on the coast are the forts of Taku, and the nearest approach to a naval station belonging to the Chinese government. The province is mountainous and trav- ersed by important rivers, notably the Pei-Ho, the Lan, the Ho-Kien, and the Hu-to. The Yu-Ho is especially impor- tant because of the canal system devel- oped throughout its course in Chi-Li. There are numerous towns of the first, or Fu class, second, or Chou class, and third, or Hien class. These towns are surrounded by walls. There are Chris- tian missionaries of many denominations throughout the province. The popula- tion is estimated at 25,000,000, including a large Manchu element. They are en- gaged in commerce, and before the World War Chi-Li had much communication with Russia by way of Siberia. The climate is at times severe, the Pei-Ho be- ing generally frozen over from December to March. The Belgians, the Italians, and the English have important railway concessions in the province. There is a good system of telegraph lines. The ex- ports are principally bristles, feathers, wool, skins, etc. Chi-Li has valuable coal mines at Kai-Ping and other min- eral resources. The soil is fertile. The provincial capital is Pao-Ting-Fu, 80 miles from Peking. CHILKAT INLET, western arm of Lynn Canal, an inlet in Alaska, in about 50° 7' N. lat. CHILKOOT PASS, a pass over the mountains in the northern part of Alaska, traversed by thousands of gold- seekers in the Klondike gold fields' ex- citement in 1897-1898. By way of the Chilkoot Pass is the most direct route to Dawson City, the principal starting point to the Klondike region. Since 1899 it has been superseded by the railway from Skagway over White Pass. The old trail went from Dyea on the western side of the inlet, and was the one formerly used by the Indians. It lies to the west of the railroad and ends at Lake Lindeman, an extension of Lake Bennett. The dis- tance from Dyea was 28% miles and the trip a very rough one, with one stretch hazardous and fatiguing in the extreme. CHILLICOTHE, a city and county-seat of Livingston co.. Mo.; on the Wabash, Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul, and the Hannibal and St. Joseph railways, 70 miles E. of St. Joseph. It is a farm- ing trade center and has several manu- facturing industries. It is the seat of the Chillicothe Normal School, State Hospital, State Industrial School for Girls, and St. Mary's Hospital, and is near the noted health resort. Laurel Min- eral Springs. It has several daily and weekly newspapers, electric lights and street railroads, two National banks, etc. Pop. (1910) 6,265; (1920) 6,772. CHILLICOTHE, a city and county-seat of Ross CO., 0.; on the Scioto river, Point Creek, the Norfolk and Western, the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dajrton, and the Baltimore and Ohio Southwest- ern railroads, and the Ohio and Erie canal, 50 miles S. of Columbus. It is in an agricultural and coal mining »e-