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LEFT CAP 333 CAPEN receive the top or top-gallant masts, company was formed, and work begran which are thus kept steady and firm. in 1909. CAP, a covering for the head, usually CAPE COD CANAL. See Canal. of softer materials and less definite form CAPE COLONY. See Cape OP GOOD than a hat. Hope. CAPE BRETON ISLAND (bra-ton'), an island of the Dominion of Canada, separated from Nova Scotia, to which Province it belongs, by the narrow Gut or Strait of Canso; area 3,120 square miles. It is of very irregular shape, the Bras d'Or, an almost landlocked arm of the sea (with most picturesque scenery), penetrating its interior in various direc- tions, and dividing it into two peninsulas connected by an isthmus across which a canal has been cut. The surface is rather rugged, and only small portions are suited for agriculture; but it pos- sesses much timber, valuable minerals (several coal mines being worked), and the coast abounds in fish. Timber, fish, and coal are exported. The island be- longed to Franco from 1632 to 1763, and •Louisburg, its capital, was long an im- portant military post. It was separate from Nova Scotia between 1784 and 1820. Chief town, Sydney. It is a famous summer resort. Near Glace Bay is a powerful long-distance wireless sta- tion. Pop. about 85,000. CAPE COAST CASTLE, a settlement of Great Britain in the Gold Coast Col- ony, in upper Guinea, 315 miles W. of Lagos. The place lies in a chasm, and as its name implies, is defended by the great castle near the water's edge, and by three small forts on the hills behind, one of which serves as a lighthouse and signal station. Ceded by the Dutch to the English in 1665, Cape Coast Castle, from 1672, was possessed by several British African companies till 1843, when it was taken over by the govern- ment. In 1875 it was superseded by Accra as capital of the Gold Coast. The town has a trade in palm oil. There is a telegraph line to Accra, and a road from Cape Coast to Prahsue (75 miles). Pop. about 12,000. CAPE COD, a noted peninsula of the United States on the S. side of Massa- chusetts Bay; 65 miles long and from 1 to 20 broad. It is mostly sandy and bar- ren, but populous, and one of the most frequented summer resort regions of the Atlantic coast. The navigation around the cape is peculiarly baffling and haz- ardous. A proposition to cut a canal from Buzzard's Bay to Barnstable Bay dates from the early part of the 17th century, but nothing was actually done until 1906, when a charter was granted by the legislature of Massachusetts, a 22 — Vol CAPE PEAR RIVER, a river of North Carolina; navigable for steam- boats for 120 miles from its mouth. Formed by the junction of the Deep and Haw rivers, its course is generally S. E. till it reaches the Atlantic Ocean. CAPE FINISTERRE (-tar'), the westernmost point of Spain, in the prov- ince of Corunna, extending S. W. into the Atlantic, in lat. 42° 54' N., Ion. 90° 21' W. Several naval battles were fought off this cape. CAPE GIRARDEAU, a city of Cape Girardeau county. Mo.; on the Missis- sippi river, and on several railroads; 150 miles S. E. of St. Louis. It is the seat of St. Vincent's College and the South- eastern Missouri State Normal School, and has a National bank, several news- papers, etc. Pop. (1910) 8,475; (1920) 10,252. CAPE HAITIEN, a town on the N. coast of Haiti. It has an excellent har- bor, but has declined in importance in recent years. Pop. about 30,000. CAPE HATTERAS, a dangerous cape on the coast of North Carolina, the pro- jectiHg point of a long reef of sand. There is a lighthouse. CAPE HORN, or THE HORN, the extremity of an island of the same name, forming the extreme S. point of South America. It is a dark, precipitous head- land, 500 to 600 feet high, running far into the sea. Navigation round it is dangerous on account of frequent tem- pests. The cape was first doubled in 1616 by Schouten, a native of Hoorn, in Holland, whence its name. CAPE MATAPAN, a promontory of Greece, forming the S. extremity of the Peloponnesus, in lat. 36° 23' N., Ion. 22" 29' E. The name Tsenartim, or Prommi- torium Tsenarium, was applied by the Greeks to the headland, and to the small peninsula N. of it, connected with the great Taygetic peninsula by a narrow isthmus. CAPEN, EDWARD WARREN, an American educator, born in Jamaica Plain, Mass., in 1870. He graduated from Amherst College in 1894 and from the Hartford Theological Seminary in 1898. After taking post-graduate courses at Columbia, he was appointed lecturer on special phases of sociology at the Hartford Theological Seminary in II — Cyc