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LEFT CANDY 324 CANKER OA2JDY, or KANDY, a city of Ceylon, near the center of the island, 72 miles N. E. of Colombo (with which it is con- nected by railway), in a fertile valley surrounded by finely wooded hills. The residence of the governor at the N. E. extremity is among the finest structures in Ceylon. Other noteworthy places are the Buddhist temple, called "the palace of the tooth," the old royal cemetery, the military magazine in the center of a lake, the government brick-works, etc. Pop. about 30,000. CANDYTUFT, the popular name of several flowers of the genus Iheris, order Cruciferae, common in gardens: said to be named from Candia. CANE, or KEN, a river in Bundel- khand, India, a tributary of the Jumna river. It follows a N. E. course and is about 250 miles in length. In its upper region is an important reservoir. CANE A (Greek Khania), the capital and chief commercial town of Crete, situ- ated on the N. W. coast, with a fine har- bor. It occupies the site of the ancient Cydonia, but the present town is due to the Venetians, from whom it was wrested by the Turks after a two years' siege in 1669. Canea is the principal center for exporting the productions of the island. Pop. about 25,000. See Crete. CANEBBAKE {Ludolfia {Afundir naria) rtvacrosperma), a colossal reed, nearly allied to the bamboo, which reaches a height of 30 or 40 feet, and forms dense swamp- jungles (sometimes of wide area) in marshy places, and along the banks of the Red river, the Arkansas, the Mississippi, and their tributaries. CANES VENATICI (Latin "the Hunt- ing-dogs," Asterion and Chara), one of the northern constellations added by Hevelius in 1690, between Bootes and Ursa Major. On the maps, the two dogs, Asterion and Chara, are represented as held in leash by Bootes, and pursuing Ursa Major, and the celestial pole. CANFIELD, JAMES HULME, an American educator; born in Delaware, 0., March 18, 1847; spent his early life on a New England farm; was graduated at Williams College in 1868. In 1872 he was admitted to the bar, and practiced in St. Joseph, Mich., until 1877; in 1877- 1891 he was Professor of History in the University of Kansas; and in 1891-1895 was Chancellor of the institution. He then became President of the Ohio State University. He was secretary and presi- dent of the National Education Associa- tion, and in 1899 became librarian of Columbia University. He died March 30, 1909. CANG, CANGUE, or KEA, the wooden collar, weighing from 50 to 60 pounds, and fitting closely round the neck, im- posed upon criminals in China. CANICATTI, a town in Sicily, province of Girgenti, well built, and with a pop- ulation of about 30,000, mostly engaged in agriculture. CANICULA, the dog-star or Sirius; hence Canicular days, the dog-days. CANID.ffi', a family of mammals be- longing to the order Carnivora, and the section Digitigrada. The muzzle is more or less pointed, the tongue smooth, and the claws non-retractile, the last-named character distinguishing it from the Fe- lidae. The fore feet have five toes each, and the hind ones four. It contains the do^s, wolves, foxes, and jackals. It is akm to the Hyaenidae. Canidae have been found in the Eocene, but this may not have been the first appearance of the family in geological time. There are fossil as well as recent genera known. CANIGON (ka-ne-gon'), one of the peaks of the Pyrenees in France. It is in the department Pyrenees-Orientales, 24 miles from Perpignan; height, 9,137 feet. CANINA, LUIGI (ka-ne'na), an Italian architect; born in Casale, Pied- mont, Oct. 23, 1795; was for some time Professor of Architecture at Turin, and afterward lived in Rome, where he pub- lished works of great value on the an- tiquities of Rome, Veii, Etruria, and Tus- culum. He died in Florence, Oct. 17, 1856. CANINDE (ka-nen'da), a river of Brazil, flowing into the Parnahiba; length, 200 miles. CANIS MAJOR ("the greater dog"), a constellation of the Southern hemi^ sphere, remarkable as containing Sirius, the brightest star. — Canis Minor ("the lesser dog") is a constellation in the Northern hemisphere, immediately above Canis Major, the chief star in which is Procyon. CANKER, (1) in medicine, a collection of small sloughing ulcers in the mouth, especially of children j called also water >• canker. (2) In horticulture, a kind of gangrenous disease to which fruit-trees especially are liable, beginning in the younger shoots and gradually extending to the trunk. (3) In farriery, a disease in horses' feet causing a discharge of fetid matter from the cleft in the middle of the frog, generally originating in a diseased thrush.