Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 02.djvu/231

LEFT BBOUSSA 199 BROWN (1883) ; "Doctor Cupid" (1886) ; "Alas" (1890); "A Beginner" (1894); "Scylla and Charybdis" (1895); "Between Two Stools" (1912), etc. She died in 1920. BROUSSA (bro'sa), BRUSA, or BOURSA, the ancient Prusa, where the Kings of Bithynia usually resided, situ- ated in Asiatic Turkey, at the foot of Mount Olympus, in Asia Minor, 13 miles S. of the Sea of Marmora. Broussa is pleasantly situated, facing a beautiful and luxuriant plain. It contains about 200 mosques, some of which are very fine buildings, also three Greek churches, an Armenian, and several synagogues. The population of Broussa is about 71,000. BROUSSARD, ROBERT F., an Amer- ican senator; born in New Iberia, La., Aug. 17^ 1864. He studied at George- town University, Washington, D. C, and graduated from the law school of Tulane University of Louisiana, in 1889. He served for eighteen years as representa- tive in Congress from the Fifty-fifth to the Sixty-third Congresses inclusive. He was elected to the United States Senate in May, 1912, for the tenn beginning March 4, 1915. He died April 12, 1918. BROXJSSONETIA (named after P. N. V. Broussonet, a naturalist who traveled in Barbary, and published a work on fishes in 1782), a genus of plants belong- ing to the order urticacess (nettle worts). B. papyrifera is the paper mulberry. It has 3-5 lobed leaves. There is another species of the genus, B. spatulata, or en- tire leaved broussonetia. BROWN. Brown is not one of the primary colors in a spectrum. It is com- posed of red and yellow, with black, the negation of color. It is also the name of a genus of colors, of which the typical species is ordinary brown, tinged with grayish or blackish. The other species are chestnut brown, deep brown, bright brown, rusty, cinnamon, red brown, rufous, glandaceous, liver colored, sooty, and lurid. BROWN, BENJAMIN GRATZ, an American politician, born in Lexington, Ky., May 28, 1826; graduated at Yale, in 1847. He practiced law in Missouri, and was a member of the State Legis- lature in 1852-1858. In the Civil War he served in the Union army, recruiting a regiment, and becoming a Brigadier- General of volunteers. In 1863-1867 he was United States Senator from Mis- souri, and in 1871 was elected governor of his State. He was the candidate for the Vice-Presidency of the United States on the ticket with Horace Greeley in 1872. He died in St. Louis, Dec. 13, 1885. BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN, an American novelist, bom in Philadelphia, Jan. 17, 1771, was of a highly respect- able family, of Quaker descent. He studied law, but abandoned it for litera- ture. His first publication was "Alcuin, a Dialogue on the Rights of Women," which appeared in 1797; followed in 1798 by "Wieland; or, the Transforma- tion," a novel; and in 1799 by "Ormond; or, the Secret Witness." In 1798 he established himself in New York, and when the yellow fever broke out there he refused to forsake his friends and neighbors; and was himself attacked by the pestilence. His experiences he de- veloped in "Arthur Mei-vyn ; or. Memoirs of the Year 1793." "Edgar Huntly; or, the Adventures of a Sleep-Walker." The second part of "Arthur Mervyn" ap- peared in 1800; and "Clara Howard" in 1801; and in 1804 the series of his romances was closed with "Jane Tal- bot." In 1801 he returned to Phila- delphia, and edited the "Literary Maga- zine and American Register." He pro- jected the plan of an "Annual Register," the first work of the kind in the United States, and edited the first volume of it in 1806. He died Feb. 22, 1810. BROWN, FORD MADOX, an English artist, born in Calais, France, in 1821. In 1835 was placed in the Academy at Bruges, studied also at Ghent and Ant- werp, and later in Paris. Settled in London in 1845-1846. He was associ- ated with Rossetti, Millais, and the rest of the pre-Raphaelite brotherhood. Among his best pictures are "Lear and His Daughters," "Farewell to England," and "Work," an aggregation of pictures illustrating labor. He died in London, Oct. 6, 1893. BROWN, GOOLD, an American gram- marian, born in Providence, R. I., March 7, 1791. He is known as the author of "Brown's Grammar," a school text book widely used for some generations, and still in circulation. He published "First Lines of English Grammar" (1823) ; "Grammar of English Grammars" (1850-1851), etc. He taught an acad- emy in New York City for 20 years. He died in Lynn, Mass., March 31, 1857. BROWN, HENRY KIRKE an Amer- ican sculptor, born in Leyden, Mass., Feb. 24, 1814. He made the equestrian statue of Washington in Union Square, New York, the altar piece for the Church of the Annunciation in the same city, portrait busts of William Cullen Bryant, Dr. Willard Parker, Erastus Corning, and other New York men, and the statue of De Witt Clinton in Green- wood cemetery. The last named was the