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LEFT BOOTH 113 BOOTS AND SHOES BOOTH, JOHN WILKES, an Ameri- can actor, born in Harford county, Md., in 1838; another son of Junius Brutus Booth. He sided with the Confederates in the Civil War, and to avenge the de- feat of their cause he formed a con- EDWIN BOOTH spiracy against the life of President Lincoln. He mortally wounded the Presi- dent, while the latter was attending a performance in Ford's Theater, in Wash- ington, on April 14, 1865; broke his own leg in escaping from the building; and concealed himself in Virginia till the 26th, when, on being discovered, and refusing to surrender, he was shot. BOOTH, JUNIUS BRUTUS, an Anglo- American tragedian, born in the parish of St. Pancras, London, May 1, 1796. He received a classical education but early manifested a predilection Tor the stage, and when 17 years of age ap- peared in some unimportant parts. Sub- sequently he played Richard IH., at Covent Gorden, a part in which he sud- denly became famous. In 1821 he went to the United States, where for the en- suing 30 years he followed his profession mth much success. He died suddenly on board a Mississippi river steamer, Nov. 12, 1852. BOOTH, WILLIAM, founder and Gen- eral of the Salvation Army, was born was educated there, and from 1850 to 1861, acted as minister of the Methodist New Connection. Frorii the first he was zealous in holding evangelistic services, but the new departure which led to the creation of the Salvation Army on mili- tary lines began in 1865 with mission work among the lower classes in the East End of London. Since 1878 Booth's movement has been known as the Sal- vation Army, of which he continued to be the mainspring and controlling power, directing its movements at home and abroad from his headquarters in London. His enthusiasm and wonderful organiz- ing power gave life to the religious mili- tary system, of which he is really "gen- eral." His wife was associated with him in the publication of several hymns and religious works dealing with the move- ment, till her death in 1890. Mr. Booth died in London, Aug. 20, 1912. BOOTHIA FELIX, a peninsula on the N. coast of North America, in which is the most northern part of the continent, Murchison Point, 73° 54' N. lat. It is joined to the mainland by Boothia Isthmus, is bounded on the N. by Bellot Strait, and to the E. is separated from Cockburn Island by Boothia Gulf, a south- ward continuation of Prince Regent's In- let. It was discovered by Sir John Ross (1829-1833), and named after Sir Felix Booth, who had furnished $85,000 for the expedition. Here, on the W. coast, near Cape Adelaide, Ross discovered the magnetic pole, 70° 5' 17" N. lat., and 96° 46' 45" W. long. BOOTON, or BOUTON, an island of the Malay Archipelago, separated by a narrow strait from the S. E. ray of Celebes, and from the island of Morna. Area, 1,700 miles. It is high, but not mountainous, and thickly wooded, pro- duces fine timber, rice, maize, sago, etc. The people are Malays. The Sultan, who resides at Bolio, is in allegiance to the Dutch, an under-resident being stationed on the island. Pop. about 17,000. BOOTS AND SHOES, foot coverings of the human family; exceedingly varied in form, and not less diverse in the material out of which they are made. The sandal is the most ancient foot covering of which we have any record, and examples of very ancient manufac- ture, taken from Egyptian mummies, are preserved in public collections. The shoe frequently referred to in the Old Testa- ment, and which played an important part in buying and selling, and in other social usages, was a sandal. The common sandal of the ancient Egyptians consisted of strips of papyrus plaited into a kind
 * t Nottingham, England, April 10, 1829,