Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 01.djvu/53

ADAMS ical Seminary in 1875, he was appointed lecturer on political science in Cornell University in 1880 and in 1887 became professor of political economy and finance at the University of Michigan. He was director of the Division of Transportation in the eleventh census and from 1887 to 1911 was statistician of the Interstate Commerce Commission, being during the same period also in charge of the Division of Statistics and Accounts of that commission. From 1913 to 1916 he acted as financial adviser to the Chinese Republic. He was a member of many economic societies and received honorary degrees from Iowa College, University of Michigan and Johns Hopkins University. He wrote "Taxation in the United States, 1787 to 1816" (1884); "Public Debt" (1887); "Description of Industry" (1918); "American Railway Accounting" (1918).

ADAMS, HERBERT, an American sculptor; born at Concord, Vt., in 1856. He was educated in the common schools and at the Institute of Technology at Worcester, Mass., and studied art in the United States and in Paris. He received awards at the Chicago, Paris, St. Louis, and San Francisco expositions. In 1915 he was awarded the medal of honor by the Architectural League and in the following year received a prize from the National Academy of Design. He was a member of the Commission of Fine Arts of the United States Government, president of the National Academy of Design, a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters and of other societies relating to art.

ADAMS, JOHN, the second President of the United States; was born at Braintree, near Boston, on Oct. 19, 1735. He practiced as a lawyer, and, in 1770, he was one of the selectmen deputed by the several towns of the province, who met in convention at Boston. In 1773, he became a member of the Council of State. He advocated and seconded the Declaration of Independence. In 1780 he represented the United States in Holland, and in 1782 co-operated with Franklin and the other American commissioners in negotiating a treaty of peace with England. In 1785 he became the first Minister Residentiary to the court of St. James, and stayed in England till 1788. In 1789, when Washington was elected President, he was made Vice-President, and in 1793 had the same office again conferred upon him. In 1797, on the retirement of Washington, he was chosen President, and at the close of his term of four years, being defeated for re-election by a majority of eight votes, given to his Democratic adversary, Jefferson, he retired from public life, and died at Quincy, July 4, 1826.

ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY, sixth President of the United States, and one of the greatest of American orators, diplomatists, and statesmen, was the eldest son of John Adams, second President of the United States, and was born at Braintree, Mass., July 11, 1767. In 1794 he proceeded to Holland as Minister, and in 1797 to Berlin, where he negotiated a treaty with the Prussian Government. In 1803 he was elected United States Senator, and in 1805 appointed Professor of Rhetoric at Harvard. In 1809 he was appointed Minister to Russia. In 1815 he went to London as United States Minister, where he remained till 1817, when he was appointed