Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 01.djvu/423

LEFT AUBURN 337 AUCTION tional bank, a high school, and public library. Pop, (1910) 15,064; (1920) 16,985. AUBURN, city and county-seat of Cayuga co., N. Y.; on the outlet of Owasco Lake and the New York Central and Hudson River and the Lehigh Val- ley railroads; 174 miles W. of Albany. The city is an important industrial cen- ter, its principal manufactures being reapers, mowers, binders, threshing ma- chines and other agricultural imple- ments, carpets, cotton, woolen and iron goods, and shoes, for which the lakes provide excellent power. It is the seat of the Auburn Theological Seminary (Presb.), founded in 1821; a large State prison, a prison for women, and a State armory. There are also about 25 churches, an Academic High School, Academy ol Music, 2 National banks, hospital, or- phan asylum, several public libraries and daily and weekly newspapers. Among its public attractions is a statue of the late William H. Seward, who lived here. Pop. (1910) 34,668; (1920) 86,192. AUBURN THEOLOGICAL S:EM:I- NARY, a Presbyterian institution in Au- burn, N. Y.; organized in 1820; at the close of 1919 had 13 professors and in- structors; 45 students; number of grad- uates, 1,616; president, Rev. G. B. Stew- art, D. D. AUCH (osh), an ancient town of France; capital of the department of Gers; on the Gers river; 43 miles S. of Agen. In the time of Caesar's invasion it was the capital of the Ausci or Auscii. It contains an archbishop's palace, a Gothic cathedral, public library, royal college, museum of natural science and a town hall. It is also noted for its manufactures of cotton stuffs, leather, linen, etc. Pop. about 14,000. AUCHENIA, a genus of mammalia of the order ruminantia and the family camelidse. It includes the llamas, which are the American representatives of the camels so well known in the Eastern world. They have no dorsal humps, and their toes are completely divided. ^ There are about four species of auchenia: the A. guanaco, or guanaco; the A. glama, or llama; the A. paco, the paco or al- paca; and the A. vicunia, or vicuna. AUCHTERARDER, a town in Perth- shire, Scotland, with manufactures of tweeds, tartans, etc. The opposition to the presentee to the church of Auck- terader (1839) originated the struggle "Which ended in the formation of the Free Church of Scotland. AUCKLAND, a town in New Zealand, in the North Island, founded in 1840, and situated on Waitemata harbor, one of the finest harbors of New Zealand, where the island is only 6 miles across, there being another harbor (Manukau) on the opposite side of the isthmus. It is about 1,300 miles from Sydney, 1„650 miles from Melbourne, and 5,440 miles from San Francisco. The harbor has two good entrances, with lighthouse; and is defended by batteries. There are numer- ous wharves and jetties, and a couple of graving docks, one of which — the Cal- liope dock, opened in 1887 — is one of the largest in the whole of the Southern Seas. Its site is picturesque, the streets are spacious and the public buildings, in- cluding a university college, are numer- ous and handsome. It has a large and increasing trade. It was formerly the capital of the colony. Pop., including suburbs, about 125,000. The provincial district of Auckland forms the northern part of North Island, with an area of 25,746 square miles; the surface is very diversified; volcanic phenomena are common, including geysers, hot lakes, etc.; rivers are numerous; wool, timber, kauri-gum, etc., are exported. Much gold has been obtained in the Thames Valley and elsewhere. AUCKLAND, WILLIAM EDEN, LORD, an English statesman, born April 3, 1744; educated at Eton and Oxford; called to the bar, 1768; Under-Secretary of State 1772, and in 1776 Lord of Trade. In 1778 he was nominated, in conjunction with Lord Howe and others, to act as mediator between Great Britain and the insurgent American colonies. He was afterward Secretary of State for Ireland, Ambassador Extraordinary to France, Ambassador Extraordinary to the Netherlands. He was raised to the peerage in 1788, and died May 28, 1814. AUCKLAND ISLANDS, a group lying in the Pacific Ocean to the S. of New Zealand. The largest of these islands is about 30 miles long by 15 broad, and is covered with dense vegetation. They are almost entirely uninhabited, belong to the British and are a station for whal- ing ships. AUCTION, the public disposal of goods to the highest bidder. None but those who have taken out an auction li- cense are at present allowed to conduct such sales. The goods may be put up at a low figure, and then competitors for them bidding against each other will raise this to a higher price. This is what is generally done. In what is called a "Dutch auction," however, the process