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LEFT ATTACH^ 333 ATTEBBURY ATTAClrfi (at-a-sha), a military, naval or suoordinate member of the dip- lomatic service attached to an embassy or legation. ATTACHMENT, in law, the taking into the custody of the law the person or property of one already before the court, or of one whom it is sought to bring before it. Attachment of person: A writ issued by a court of record, com- manding the sheriff to bring before it a person who has been guilty of contempt of court, either in neglect or abuse of its process or of subordinate powers. At- tachment of property: A writ issued at the institution or during the progress of an action, commanding the sheriff or other proper officer to attach the prop- erty, rights, credits or effects of the de- fendant to satisfy the demands of the plaintiff. The laws and practice con- cerning the attachment vary in different countries. In the United States attachment may be defined as the taking into the custody of the law the person or property of one who is already before the court, or of one whom it is sought to bring before the court; also a writ for this purpose. To some extent it is of the nature of a criminal process. In some States a plain- tiff can at the beginning of an action to recover money attach the property of the defendant as a security for the pay- ment of the judgment expected to be re- covered; and in case of recovery the property is applied in satisfaction of the judgment. But the more usual rule is that there can be no seizure of property, except in specified cases, till the rights of the parties have been settled by judg- ment of the court. The exceptions are chiefiy in cases where the defendant is a non-resident or a fraudulent debtor, or is attempting to conceal or remove his property. In some States, attach- ments are distinguished as foreign and domestic — the former issued against a non-resident having property within the jurisdiction of the State, the latter against a resident in the State; jurisdic- tion over the person or property being necessary for an attachment. An attach- ment issued under a State law which has not been adopted by Congress, or by a rule of court, cannot be sustained in a United States court. Money due to a seaman for wages is not attachable in the hands of a purser, the purser being a distributing agent of the govern- ment, and in no sense a debtor of the seaman. ATTALEA, a genus of American palms, comprising the piassava palm, which produces coquilla nuts. ATTALTJS (at'a-lus), the names of three kings of ancient Pergamus, 241- 133 B. C, the last of whom bequeathed his kingdom to the Romans. They were all patrons of art and literature. ATTAR, or OTTO, OF ROSES (oil of roses), an essential oil obtained from the petals of three species of roses, viz., rosa centifolia, moschata and damascena. The rose gardens of Ghazipur, in India, have long been famed for the production of this precious liquid. These gardens are large fields, planted with rows of small rose bushes. The blossoms, which unfold in the morning, are all gathered before noon, and their petals are at once trans- ferred to clay stills, and distilled with twice their weight of water. The rose water which comes over is placed in shallow vessels covered with moist mus- lin to exclude dust, and exposed all night to the cool air. In the morning the thin film of oil which has collected on the top is carefully swept off with a feather and transferred to a small vial. This proc- ess is repeated morning after morning, till nearly the whole of the oil is sep- arated from the water. Attar is also imported from Syria, Persia, Turkey, and Bulgaria. It is frequently adulter- ated with spermaceti and a volatile oil, which appears to be derived from one or more species of andropogon, and which is called oil of gingergrass, or oil of geranium. Pure attar of rose, carefully distilled, is at first colorless, but speed- ily becomes yellowish. It congeals below 80°; melts at 84°. ATTENTION. See PSYCHOLOGY. ATTERBURY, FRANCIS, an English prelate, born March 6, 1662, and edu- cated at Westminster and Oxford. In 1687, he took his degree of M. A., and appeared as a controversialist in a de- fense of the character of Luther, en- titled "Considerations on the Spirit of Martin Luther," etc. He also assisted his pupil, Charles Boyle, in his famous controversy with Bentley on the "Epistles of Phalaris." Having taken orders, in 1G91, he settled in London, became chap- lain to William and Mary, preacher of Bridewell, and lecturer of St. Bride's. After the accession of Queen Anne he was made Dean of Carlisle. In 1712, h« was made Dean of Christ Church, and, in 1713, Bishop of Rochester and Dean of Westminster. After the death of the Queen, in 1714, he distinguished himself by his opposition to George I.; and, hav- ing entered into a correspondence with the Pretender's party, was, in 1722, com- mitted to the Tower. Being banished from the kingdom, he settled in Paris.