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LEFT ANJOU 182 ANN ABBOB from alcohol by pressure and crystalliza- tion. In pharmacy it is used as a stimu- lant, aromatic, and carminative. ANJOU (an-zho'), an ancient province of France, now forming the department of Maine-et-Loire, and parts of the de- partments of Indre-et-Loire, Mayenne, and Sarthe; area, about 3,000 square miles. In 1060 the province passed into the hands of the house of Gatinais, of which sprang Count Godfrey V., who, in 1127, married Matilda, daughter of Henry I. of England, and so became the ancestor of the Plantagenet kings. Anjou remained in the possession of the Eng- lish kings up to 1204, when John lost it to the French King, Philip Augustus. In 1226 Louis VIII. bestowed the province on his brother Charles; but in 1328 it was reunited to the French crown. John I. raised it to the rank of a ducal peer- age, and gave it to his son Louis. Hence- forth it remained separate from the French crown till 1480, when it fell to Louis XI. The last Duke of Anjou was the grandson of Louis XIV., Philip V. of Spain. ANKOBAB, the former capital of the kingdom of Shoa, in Abyssinia; is built 8,200 feet above sea-level. Pop. 2,000. ANN, ST., a name applied to a num- ber of places in various parts of the world. The best known and most worthy of notice are (1) St. Ann Shoals, off the S. part of the coast of Sierra Leone, ex- tending from Cape Shilling to Sherboro Island, a distance of between 30 and 40 miles. (2) St. Ann (Cape), the extreme N. W. point of Sherboro Island, coast of Sierra Leone; lat. T 34' N.; long., 12° 57' W.; having close by a group of is- lands called Turtk Islands. (3) St. Ann's, a town, river, and bay, Jamaica, on the N. coast; the latter in lat. 18° 20' N.; long. 77° 13' W. (4) A cape or head- land on the N. W. coast of Africa, about 35 miles S. S. E. of South Cape Blanco, near Arguin, and within the bank of that name: lat. 20° 30' N.; long. 17° 0' W. (5) A lake, Upper Canada, 20 miles long, and 20 broad, about 45 miles N. of Lake Superior, with which it has com- munication by the Nipigon river. (5) A harbor on the E. side of Cape Breton, British America; lat. 46° 21' N.; long. 60° 27' W. ANNA COMNENA, daughter of Alex- ius Comnenus I., Byzantine emperor. She was born in 1083, and died in 1148. After her father's death she endeavored to secure the succession to her husband, Nicephorus Briennius, but was baffled by his want of energy and ambition. She wrote (in Greek) a life of her father, Alexius, which, in the midst of much ful- some panegyric, contains some valuable and interesting information. ANNA IVANOVNA (-wan-o'na), Empress of Russia, born in 1693; the daughter of Ivan, the elder half-brother of Peter the Great. She was married in 1710 to the Duke of Courland, in the following year was left a widow, and, in 1730 ascended the throne of the Czars on the condition, proposed by the Senate, that she would limit the absolute power of the czars, and do nothing without the advice of the Council. This promise she did not keep. She chose as her favorite, Ernest John von Biren or Biron, who was soon all-powerful in Russia. Lead- ing nobles were executed and thousands of men were sent to Siberia. In 1737 Anna forced the Courlanders to choose Biren as their duke, and nominated him at her death Regent of the Empire dur- ing the minority of her grand-nephew, Prince Ivan of Brunswick. Anna died in 1740. ANNAM. See Anam, ANNAPOLIS, city, port of entry, capi- tal of the State of Maryland, and county- seat of Anne Arundel co.; on the Severn river, near Chesapeake Bay, and several railroads; 40 miles E. of Washington, D. C. It is in a fruit and berry-growing region; has oyster-packing plants, ma- rine railway, glass factory, a National bank, daily, weekly, and other periodi- cals; and is widely known as the seat of the United States Naval Academy. The city also contains St. John's College, sev- eral State buildings, convent, a house of Redemptorist Fathers, residences of many naval officers and of families of officers on sea duty, and bronze statues of General John de Kalb and Chief Jus- tice Roger B. Taney. The city was founded in 1649; was first named Provi- dence; and received a city charter and its present name, in honor of Queen Anne, in 1708. The first Federal Consti- tutional Convention was held here in 1786, and Washington surrendered his commission in the army in the Senate room of the State House. Pop. (1910) 8,609; (1920) 11,214. ANN ABBOB, city and county-seat of Washtenaw co., Mich.; on the Huron river and the Michigan Central rail- road ; 38 miles W. of Detroit. It is in an agricultural region; has National banks, high school, manufactories of farming implements, woolen goods, furniture, carriages, and organs, daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals, and is the seat of the University of Michigan. Pop. (1910) 14,817; (1920) 19,516.