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LEFT ANDERSON 166 ANDERSON Having lost his father early in childhood, the boy received his elementary educa- tion in a charity school. He traveled in Germany (1828), and made tours in France, Italy, and the East. His impres- HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN sions of Italy are embodied in "The Im- provisatore" (1835). In the same year appeared "O. T.," a novel of life and nature in the North. "Only a Fiddler" (1837) and "The Poet's Bazar" (1842) followed. He is seen at his very best in "The Picture Book Without Pictures." Among his dramatic compositions are "The Mulatto," "The Flowers of Hap- piness," "Raphaella," "Ahasuerus," and "The Two Baronesses." In the English speaking world Andersen's great fame will ever rest upon his stories for chil- dren, the celebrated "Wonder Tales." He died Aug. 4, 1875. ANDERSON, city in Indiana, county- seat of Madison co.; on several railroads and a hydraulic canal with a fall of nearly 50 feet; 36 miles N. E. of Indi- anapolis. It is principally engaged in manufactuing, and has National banks, public library, high school, daily and weekly newspapers, etc. Pop. (1910) 22,476; (1920) 29,767. ANDERSON, a city of South Carolina and the county-seat of Anderson co. It is about 100 miles N. W. of Raleigh, on the Blue Ridge and the Charleston and Western Carolina railroads. The city is in an important cotton-growing and agri- cultural region, and has also extensive industries, including cottonseed mills, fertilizer factories, flour mills, ma- chine shops, etc. There are excellent schools and libraries, a city hall, a hos- pital, and a county court house. Power is furnished to the city by a large elec- tric power station on the Seneca river, 10 miles from the city. Pop. (1910) 9,654; (1920) 10,570. ANDERSON, EDWIN HATFIELD, an American librarian, born in Zionville^ Ind., in 1861. He graduated from Wabash College in 1883 and afterward studied at Columbia University and at the New York State Library School. He was cataloguer of the Newberry Library of Chicago and in the Carnegie Free Library in Braddock, Pa. In 1885 he organized and became librarian of the Carnegie Library, Pittsburgh, acting in that capacity until 1904. In the following year he became the director of the New York State Library and Library School, and in 1913 was appointed Director of the New York Public Library. ANDERSON, JOHN FISHER, Ameri- can physician, bom in Fredericksburg, Va., in 1873. He was educated in the public schools of this city and studied medicine at the University of Virginia and also in Vienna and Liverpool. He was appointed assistant surgeon in the United States Public Health and Marine Service in 1898 and did duty in connec- tion with the yellow fever. After acting as quarantine inspector and immigrant inspector at several ports, he was sani- tary observer in several cities in Europe from 1899 to 1901. From 1902 to 1909 he was assistant director of the Hygienic Laboratory in Washington, being ap- pointed director in 1916. He was also assistant professor of hygiene in Rut- gers College. One of the most eminent of American bacteriologists, he wrote many articles on his investigations into the cause of diseases. ANDERSON, MARY (MRS. A. DE NAVARRO), an American actress, born in Sacramento, Cal., July 28, 1859. She played for the first time at Louisville, in 1875, in the character of Juliet. Her success was marked and immediate, and during the following years she played with increasing popularity in the prin- cipal cities of the United States in vari- ous roles. In 1883 she appeared at the Lyceum Theater, in London, and speedily became well known in England. In 1890, one year after retiring from the stage, she married A. de Navarro of New York. ANDERSON, ROBERT, an American military officer, noted for his defense of Fort Sumter, where the first gun was fired in the Civil War. He was born near Louisville, Ky., June 14, 1805; was graduated at West Point, and served in