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LEFT AMBBIDQE 140 AMENEMHAT exacted compensation. The British held the island, 1796-1802. It finally became Dutch in 1814. Amboyna, capital of the Dutch Moluccas, is situated on the N. W. shore of Leitimor, on the Bay of Am- boyna, and has a good roadstead. The government buildings are in Fort Vic- toria. AMBRIDGE, a borough of Pennsyl- vania, in Beaver co., about 16 miles N. W. of Pittsburgh. It is on the Pennsyl- vania railroad and the Ohio river. It is an important industrial center having manufactures of bridges, m^tal moldings, and tubes. Pop. (1910) 5,205; (1920) 12,730. AMBRIZ (am-breth'), a seaport and region in the Portuguese colony of An- gola, on the coast of Old Guinea, at the mouth of the Loje. The official name is Oporto do Ambriz or Mbrish. It has a number of factories and a trade in India rubber, coffee, and palm oil. Its former trade in ivory is now transferred to Nokki and other places on the Kongo. AMBROSE, ST., a celebrated father of the Church; born in 333 or 334 A. D., probably at Treves, where his father was prefect; died in 397. He was educated at Rome, studied law, practiced as a pleader at iViilan, and, in 369, was ap- pointed governor of Liguria and Emilia (north Italy). His kindness and wisdom gained him the esteem and love of the people, and, in 374, he was unanimously called to the bishopric of Milan, though not yet baptized. For a time he refused to accept this dignity, but he had to give way, and at once ranged himself against the Aryans. In his struggle against the Aryan heresy he was opposed by Justina, mother of Valentinian II., and for a time by the young Emperor himself, to- gether with the courtiers and the Gothic troops. Backed by the people of Milan, however, he felt strong enough to deny the Aryans the use of a single church in the city. He had also to carry on a war with paganism, Symmachus, the pre- fect of the city, an eloquent orator, hav- ing endeavored to restore the worship of heathen deities. In 390, on account of the ruthless massacre at Thessalonica, ordered by the Emperor Theodosius, he refused him entrance into the church of Milan. He wrote Latin hymns, intro- duced the Ambrosian chant, and compiled a form of ritual known by his name. AMBROSIA, in Greek mythology, the food of the gods, as nectar was their drink. AMBULANCE, a hospital establish- ment which accompanies an army in its movements in the field for the purpose of providing assistance and surgical treat- ment to the soldiers wounded in battle. The name is also given to one of the carts or wagons used to transfer the wounded to the hospital. Americans of both sexes volunteered for ambulance serv- ice in France almost from the begin- ning of the World War of 1914-1918. Thousands of American ambulances, de- vices, drivers, and attendants were em- ployed on the battle fields of France, Italy, and Russia after America entered the war. See Red Cross. AMEN, a Hebrew word of assever- ation, equivalent to "Yea," "Truly," which has been commonly adopted in the forms of Christian worship. In Jewish synagogues, the "Amen" is pronounced by the congregation at the conclusion of the benediction given at parting. Among the early Christians, the prayer offered by the presbyter was concluded by the word "Amen," uttered by the whole con- gregation (cf. I Cor. xiv: 16). Accord- ing to Tertullian, none but the faithful were permitted to join in the response. In the Greek Church, this word was pro- nounced after the name of each person of the Trinity; and, at the close of the baptismal formula, th.e people responded. At the conclusion of prayer, it signifies (according to the English Church Cathechism) "So be it"; after the repeti- tion of the creed, "So is it." The Roman Catholic version of the New Testament (Rheims 1582), substitutes "Amen" for the "Verily" of our authorized version, it being the word used in the original Greek. The Mohammedans also use this word in their service. AMENDMENT, in law, the correction of any mistake discovered in a writ or process. In legislative proceedings, a clause, sentence, or paragraph proposed to be substituted for another, or to be inserted in a bill before Congress, and which, if carried, actually becomes part of the bill itself. As a rule^ amendments do not overthrow the principle of a bill. In public meetings, a proposed altera- tion of the terms of a motion laid before a meeting for acceptance. This amend- ment may be so much at variance with the essential character of the motion that a counter motion would be its more appropriate name. AMENEMHAT (am-en'em-hat), of AmenemJia, the name of four Egyptian kings of the 12th dynasty. The first, called Sehotep-ab Ra, the founder of the dynasty, reigned about 2466 B. C; was successful as a ruler and general, 0rc{ huilt the temple of Amun, in Thebes.