Page:Civil Air Regulations - Part 40 (1953).pdf/10

10 or by computation of the effects of changes in the specific variables where such interpolations or computations will give results substantially equaling in accuracy the results of a direct test.

(c) No airplane shall be taken off at a weight which exceeds the allowable weight for the runway being used as determined in accordance with the take-off runway limitations of the transport category operating rules of this part, after taking into account the temperature operating correction factors required by §§ 43.149a—T or 4b.117 of this subchapter, and set forth in the Airplane Flight Manual for the airplane.

Weight limitations. (a) No airplane shall be taken off from any airport, located at an elevation outside of the altitude range for which maximum take-off weights have been determined, and no airplane shall depart for an airport of intended destination or have any airport specified as an alternate which is located at an elevation outside of the altitude range for which maximum landing weights have been determined.

(b) The weight of the airplane at take-off shall not exceed the authorized maximum take-off weight for the elevation of the airport from which the take-of is to be made.

(c) The weight at take-off shall be such that, allowing for normal consumption of fuel and oil in flight to the airport of intended destination, the weight on arrival will not exceed the authorized maximum landing weight for the elevation of such airport.

Take-off limitations to provide for engine failure. No take-of shall be made except under conditions which will permit compliance with the following requirements:

(a) It shall be possible, from any point in the take-off up to the time of attaining the critical-engine-failure speed, to bring the airplane to a sale stop on the runway as shown by the accelerate-stop distance data.

(b) It shall be possible, if the critical engine should fail at any instant after the airplane attains the critical-engine-failure speed, to proceed with the take-off and attain a height of 50 feet, as indicated by the take-off path data, before passing over the end of the runway. Thereafter it shall be possible to clear all obstacles, either by at but 50 feet vertically, as shown by the take-off path data, or by at least 200 feet horizontally within the airport boundaries and by at least 300 feet horizontally after passing beyond such boundaries. In determining the allowable deviation of the flight path in order to avoid obstacles by at least the distances above set forth, it shall be assumed that the airplane is not banked before reaching a height of 50 feet, as shown by the takeoff path data, and that a maximum bank, thereafter does not exceed 15°.

(c) In applying the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, corrections shall be made for any gradient of the take-off surface. To allow for wind effect, take-off data based on still air may be corrected by not more than 50 percent of the reported wind component along the take-off path if opposite to the direction of take-off, and shall be corrected by not less than 150 percent of the reported wind component if in the direction of take—off.

En route limitations; all engines operating. No airplane shall be taken off at a weight in excess of that which would permit a rate of climb expressed in feet per minute), with all engines operating. of at least 6 (when  is expressed in miles per hour) at an altitude of at least 1,000 feet show: the elevation of the highest ground or obstruction within 10 miles on either side of the intended track. Transport category airplanes certificated under Part 4a of this subchapter are not required to comply with this section. For the purpose of this section it shall be assumed that the weight of the airplane as it proceeds along its intended track is progressively reduced by normal consumption of fuel and oil.

En route limitations: one engine inoperative. No airplane shall be taken off at a weight in excess of that which would permit a rate of climb expressed in feet per minutes, with one engine inoperative of at least $$( 0.06 - \frac{0.08}{N}) {V_s}^2$$ (when N is the number of engines installed and $$V_s$$ is expressed in miles per hour at an altitude of at least 1,000 feet above the elevation of the highest ground or obstruction within 10 miles on either side of the intended track: Provided, That for transport category airplanes certificated under Part 4a of this subchapter the rate of climb shall be For the purpose of this section it shall be assumed that the weight of the airplane as it proceeds along its intended track is progressively reduced by normal consumption of fuel and oil.

{{anchor+|40.75|§ 40.75|En route limitations: two engines inoperative. No airplane having four or more engines shall be flown along an intended track except under the following conditions: Provided, That this section shall not apply to transport category airplanes certificated under Part 4a of this subchapter:

(a) No place along the intended track shall be more than 90 minutes away from an available landing area at which an available landing may be made in accordance with the requirements of §40.78. assuming all engines are operating at cruising power; or

(b) The take-off weight is such that the airplane with two engines inoperatire shall have a rate of climb (expressed in feet per minute) of at least 0.01 V$s$$2$ when V$lo$ is expressed in miles per hour either at an altitude of 1,000 feet above the elevation of the highest, ground or obstruction within 10 miles on either side of the intended track or at an altitude of 5,000 feet, whichever is higher, The rate of climb referred to in this paragraph shall be determined by assuming the airplane's weight to be either that expected at the moment of failure of the second engine, assuming the failure to occur 90 minutes after departure, or that which may be attained by dropping fuel at the moment of failure of the second engine, assuming that sufficient, fuel is retained to arrive at an altitude of at least 1,000 feet directly over the landing area.

{{Anchor+|40.76|§ 40.76}} Special en route limitations. The 10-mile lateral distance specified in §§40.73 through 40.75 may, for a distance of no more than 20 miles, be reduced to 5 miles, if operating VFR, or if air navigational facilities are so located as to provide a reliable and accurate identification of any high ground or obstruction located outside of such 5-mile lateral distance but.within the 10-mile distance.

{{Anchor+|40.77|§ 40.77}} 'Landing distance limitations: airport of destination. No airplane shall be taken off at a weight in excess of that which. under the conditions stated in this part would permit the airplane to be brought to rest at the field of intended destination within 60 percent of the effective length of the runway from a point 50 feet directly above the intersection of the obstruction clearance plane and the runway. For the purpose of this section it shall be assumed that the take-off weight of the airplane is reduced by the weight of the fuel and oil expected to be consumed in flight to the field of intended destination.

(a) It shall be assumed that the airplane is landed on the most favorable runway and direction in still air.

(b) It shall be assumed. considering the probable wind velocity and direction, that the airplane is landed on the most suitable runway, taking due account of the ground handling characteristics of the airplane type involved and other conditions (e. g. landing aids, terrain. etc.) and allowing for the effect on the landing path and roll of not more than 50 percent of the wind component along the landing path if opposite to the direction of landing, or not, less than 150 percent of the wind component if in the direction of landing.

(c) If the airport of intended destination will not permit full compliance with paragraph (b) of this section, the airplane may be taken off if an alternate airport is designated which permits compliance with §40.78.

{{anchor+|40.78|§ 40.78}} Landing distance limitations; alternate airports. No airport shall be designated as an alternate airport in a dispatch release unless the airplane at, the weight anticipated at the time of arrival at such airport can comply with the requirements of § 40.77: Provided, That the airplane can be brought to rest within 70 percent of the effective length of the runway.

{{center|{{smaller|AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE OPERATING LIMITATIONS: NON TRANSPORT CATEGORY}}}}

{{Anchor+|49.90|§ 40.90}} Nontransport category airplane operating limitations. In operating any large, nontransport category airplane in passenger service after December 31, 1953, the provisions of §§ 40.91 through 40.93 shall be complied with, unless deviations therefrom are specifically authorized by the Administrator on the ground that the special circumstances of a particular case make