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 THE GREEKS UNDER TURKISH BONDAGE. 1 53 cal Greece in the hands of the barbarians. When in the eighteenth century Russification of Greece was threatening, it created a shudder in the world of learning throughout Europe. The many publications of French and English travellers at the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of this century show the deep interest the people of those countries had in the fate of Greece. After Korais in Paris had begun to make com- parisons between old and new Hellas, men of learning of all nationalities vied with each other to instruct the Greeks in their own history ; after Korais, the great Greek scholar, had visited Europe and made himself heard there, men of science went to Greece. The first in time and the first in value of these travellers was Colonel William Martin Leake, the celebrated English archaeologist, born in 1777. He came of a high family, was an officer of the British artillery, and lived in the Levant, being entrusted with a diplomatic mission, from 1804-9. In 1823 he received his discharge as lieutenant- colonel and thereafter devoted his time to science and the publication of his writings. These publi- cations show profound critical judgment, power of practical observation, extensive learning in geog- raphy, history, and literature, and unsurpassed