Page:Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje - The Achehnese Vol II. - tr. Arthur Warren Swete O'Sullivan (1906).djvu/45

 countrymen. He returned from Arabia with the intention of settling down again in Pidië, but at the capital of Acheh he yielded to persuasion and put his learning at the disposal of Teuku Kali Malikōn Adé and of the less learned kali of the XXVI Mukims. At the same time he became a teacher and a prolific writer.

In course of time there arose a clever pupil of the above-named Malay Abduççamad, who received the title of Teungku di Lam Gut from the gampōng of Lam Gut. His proper name was Jalaluddīn. He became not only a popular teacher but also kali of the XXVI Mukims. His son, a shrewd but comparatively unlearned man, inherited his father's title and dignity, but gladly transferred the duties of his office to his son-in-law, the Marahaban just spoken of. The grandson of the old Teungku di Lam Gut, and his surviving representative, is similarly kali in name, but is consulted by none and never poses as a teacher.

At Kruëng Kalé there was a renowned teacher who succeeded his father in that capacity. At Chòt Paya such students as desired to bring their proficiency in reciting the Qurān to a higher level than could be attained in the village schools, assembled under the guidance of Teungku Deuruïh, a man of South Indian origin.

The unsettled condition of the country during the past 26 years has of course completely disorganized religious teaching. In Lam Seunòng such instruction is still given by an old Teungku who takes his name from that gampōng; like him, Teungku Tanòh Mirah, who besides being a teacher is also kali of the IV Mukims of the VII (sagi of the XXVI) acquired his learning at Lam Nyòng. The same was the case with Teungku Kruëng Kalé alias Haji Muda, who studied at Mekka as well. In Seulimeum (XXII Mukims) is a teacher called Teungku Usén, whose father Teungku Tanòh Abèë, celebrated for his learning and independence, held the position of kali of the XXII Mukims.

The students, who are for the most part strangers in the place where they pursue their studies, must of course be given a home to live in. Even where their numbers are not told by hundreds it would be difficult