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scientific results are concerned, a most important part of the expedition, was the journey which he accomplished from Calcutta through Northern India, with Cashmere and the land of the Sikhs for its end. Continually collecting and observing, Hügel crossed the high lands of the Himalayas and skirted the frontier of Thibet to Cashmere. Here he accumulated the rich stores of material which are elaborated in his great work, partly by his own labours, and partly by those of prominent specialists. Through the country of the Sikhs Hügel proceeded to Delhi, whence, after an absence of four years, he returned to Bombay, the starting-point of his Indian travels. In the year 1836 he began the return journey. This time his way led by the Cape of Good Hope and St Helena to England, and thence to Vienna.

Once again at home, he went to work keenly and eagerly upon the enormous collections and observations accumulated during his travels, at the same time that, with equal eagerness and veritable passion, he prosecuted his horticultural work and former studies. With what success he pursued these seemingly disparate aims I shall have to shew later.

In spite of this intense activity, Hügel cultivated society, and, owing to his large experience, his gracious manners, and his lovable personality, was beloved and respected in all circles. He was as faithful as his brother Clemens to the powerful Chancellor of State, Prince Metternich, though he did not yield to him so blind a devotion. On Metternich's fall, Charles took him, at the peril of his own life, through Vienna, across the Austrian frontier, and accompanied him to England. After the storms of the year 1848, Hügel, who had now been for five-and-twenty years traveller, student of nature, and horticulturist, from patriotic motives once more entered the service of the State.