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Rh Jung. In a discussion at the court of Tsin on the advances thus made, one of its ministers argued for a conciliatory policy on five grounds, the first of which was that these tribes were continually changing their residence, and were fond of selling their lands for goods, so that they might be acquired without the trouble and risks of war. Lastly, in the first year of duke Ch‘aou, an officer of Tsin inflicts a great defeat on the Woo-chungs and the various tribes of the Teih; after which we have no further mention of the Hill Jung, the Northern Jung, or the Woo-chungs. They, no doubt, disappeared among the multitudes of Tsin.

[iii] There were the ‘Jung of Luh-hwăn,’ who had also the names of the ‘Jung of the surname Yun,’ the ‘Little Jung,’ the ‘Këang Jung,’ the ‘Yin Jung,’ and the ‘Jung of Këw-chow.’ These had originally dwelt in the far west, in the territory which now forms Suh Chow in Kan-suh, which they called Luh-hwăn; but in the 22d year of duke He, Tsin and Ts‘in united in removing them to E-ch‘uen, or the present district of Sung, in the department of Ho-nan. In Chwang’s 28th year they are called the Little Jung, and it appears that the mother of duke Hwuy of Tsin belonged to their tribe. In the 33d year of He, they give, as the Këang Jung, important help to Tsin in a great defeat which it inflicted on the troops of Ts‘in in the valley of Hëaou. In the 3d year of Seuen, Ts‘oo invaded them, and they seem to have coquetted subsequently both with Ts‘oo and Tsin, which led to the final extinction of their independence by the latter power in the 17th year of Ch‘aou. In his 7th year a body of them appears as the Yin Jung, under the command of an officer of Tsin, and mention is made of how they had troubled the Royal Domain, and the Ke States generally, since their removal from their original seat. In the Chuen on Ch‘aou, xxii. 8, another body of them is called the Jung of Këw-chow, and the same branch of them is mentioned as late as the 4th year of Gae.

[iv.] There were the ‘Jung of Yang-k‘eu, Ts‘euen-kaou, and about the E and the Loh,’ who had their seats about those two rivers, in the present district of Loh-yang, and perhaps other parts of the department of Ho-nan. Yang-k‘eu and Ts‘euen-kaou are taken to be the names of their principal settlements or towns. Thus these tribes infested the Royal Domain, and they were at one time 124]