Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/774

 (Faiia, isse). iss-e, lO^Soo; tiujii.ti SfLj^ffiS* AoHn'*'*^" ** *»'^-*"" (»"°" »>^

riftmolore poWtM « r^wtOM dei ««. ATV (Paduii, 1882): •^•™' l"""'- "S-™-

Jforivlia da Pndoin > JtfofliRO LiUm in ^/woM^Btatoffii. XU i'ATHICTOS BcHIAQER.

S.fhS

f!_20B-2T; Hetib, Elud* mr Sf orn(« dn Padmu. tA/olog.

-. . .-. l,uIs.l870):Nl^n^ JlfnrnlnmmPodBa HUth*, SaINT (Gr. UipSa), from the Aramaic,

H- "ji,'^r,^io-oT^iuiM.'r-J- ' '"'y i" I""^^' ^' 58-12; and John, xi; lii,

o^*uu.u, uM«u 'cii«m'n«irir*(T°p»(iir'(l'i8a"'ll2-a: sqq. TheAiamaioformoccurHinaNabatffianinsrrip-

Tlioiiuia Url, airh.Msi. Ar. /rYmcoM., 11 (Rome. 18S2),'I47- tion foundatPuteoIi,aiid now in the Naples Museum:

i?i(.'tofr SrS'fi-^; ^Jcmi'- v!I.?SMli'jv«™!4.i^' »' "* ^t*^ *■ °- ^ (Corpua Inscr. 8emit., 158); also in

LV riBSl)' S53-9' Whabtok in iHnvw g v (17*4) II iiVSo' * Pahnyxene inacription, where the Greek translation

Wmti, ZuMarrikuM von Padua ia HutoT.Jahrb., XIV a^'Si), bos the form liipeiir, A. D. 176. Mary, Martha, and

•'^- J a*iEunreB LaiaruB are represented by St. John as living at Beth- ia, but St. Luke would eeem to imply that they Te, at least at one time, living in GuIIee; he does t mention the name of the town, but it may have

d.20 June, ITSOiatSaint-GermainHJea-Pr^oearPariBi been Magdala, and we ehould thus, supposing Maiy

In 1672 he entered the Benedictine Abbey of St-IUmy of Beth^a and Mary Magdalene to be the same per-

at Reims, a house of the Congregation of Sunt-Maur. son, miderstand the appellative "Magdalene". The

. OningtohiHextraordinary eoIJ in the pursuit of leam- words of St. John (xi, 1) seem to imaly a change of

ing, however, he was sent by his superiors to Saint- residence for the family. It ia possible, too, that St.

Germain to receive further training under the direo- Luke has displaced the incident referred to in c. x.

tion of d'Ach^ry and Mabillon, and also to assist in tiie The likeness between the pictures of Martha presented

preliminary work connected with the new edition of by Luke and John ia ve^ remarkable. The familiar

the Fathers. Thenceforth he devoted his whole life to intereourse between the Saviour of the world and the

a most profound study of subjects connected with hia- humble family which St. Luke depicts is dwelt on by St.

ton" and liturgy, reaioing in various monasteries of his John when he tells us that " Jesua loved Martha, and

order, eepeGiaJty at Rouen, where he received the sym- her siJ^ter Mary, and Lazarus" (xi, 5). A^in, the

pathetic co-operation of the prior of Sainte-Marthe. picture of Martlia's anxiety (John, xi, 20-21, 30) ac-

Even in his student years he had shown indefatigable cords with the picture of ner who was "busy about

■eal in gathering from widely various sources every- much servinff" (Luke, x, 40); so also in John, xii, 2;

thing ti^t might be helpful in elucidating the Rule of "They made him a supper there: and Martha served."

St. Benedict; the fruit of his labours he published in But St. John has given us a glimpse of the other and

1690 as "Conimeotarius in regulam S. P. Benedicti deeper side of her character when he depicts her grow-

lltteralia, morahs, hiatoricus ex variis antiquorum ingfaithinChrist'sDivinity (xi, 20-27), a faith which

scriptorum commentationibus, actis sanctorum, mo- was the oeeaaion of the words: "I am the resurrection

nasticis ritibus aliisque monumentia cum editia turn and the life." The Evangelist has beautifully indi-

manuscriptisconcinnatus" (Paris, 1660; 16S5). Dur- cated the change that came over Martha after that

ing the same year he issued as a supplement to this: interview:"WhenBhehadsaid these things, she went,

"De antitjuis mbnachorum ritibus libri S collect! ex and colled her sister Mary secretly, saying: The Master

variis ordtnarii3,conBUetudiDariisiituaUbusqueinaDU- is come, and calleth for thee."

scriptis" (Lyons, 1690; Venice, 1765). These were Difficulties have been raised about the lost supper

followed by other liturgical works, as " De antiquis at Bethania. St. John aeeras to put it six days before

ecclesis ritibus Ubri 4" (Rouen, 1700-2) and "Trac- the Paach, and, so some conclude, in the bouse of

tatus de antiqua ecclesice disciplina in divinis officiis Martha: while the Svnoptic account puts it two days

oelebrandis" (Lyons, 1706); Ekewiae "De antiquis beforethePasch, ana in the house of Simon the Leper.

ecciesis ritibua editio aecunda" (4 vols., Antwerp, We need not try to avoid this difficulty by asserting

1736-8; Veoioe, 1763-4; 1783; Baseano, 1788), in which that there were two suppers; for St. John does not say

he collated and expanded his earlier writing. "Vete- that the supper took place six days before, but only

rum scriptorum et monumentorum morahum, hiato- that Cbriat arrived in Bethania six daya before the

riconuo, d<^piaticorum ad roe eccleeiasticas monas- Pasch; nor does be sa)[ that it was in the house of

ticas et politicas illustrandas collectio" (Rouen, 1700) Martha. We are surely justified in arguing that, since

is a continuation of the " Spicilegium" of Mart^ne's St. Matthew and St. irfark place the scene in the house

teacher, d'AchSry. He also wrote "I.a vie du v&i£ra- of Simon, St. John must be understood to say the

ble Claude Martin, religieux b^n^lictin" (Tours, same; it remains to be proved that Martha could not

1697; Rouen, 169S); "ImperialisStabulensismonaste- "serve" in Simon's house.

rii jura propugnata adversua iniquas diaceptationes" For St. Hartb^'n coonenoa with Uarwllfla, He Ada SS.;

(CoW 1730); „dth. ■■ Hjto™ ^ llbb™, d. J". •'S^Zlk'A^.^^Z^:^"?^^-^^

Harmoutier", first edited in 1874 and 187& by Cheva- ^> • oii-ciT.

lier as Vols. XXIV and XXV of "M6moii«8 de la Ucqh Pope. sociSt^arcbteliwquedeTouraiae". In 1708 Marine

and his fellow Benedictine, Ursin Durand, were oom- Htrtial, Saint, Bishop of Limoges in the third

missioned to ransack the archives of France and Bel- oentury. We have no accurate information as to the

giumfor materials for the forthcoming revised edition cngin, dates of birth and death, or the acts of this

of the " Gallia Christiana", proposed by the prior of bishop. * All that we know of him we have from Greg-

Sointe-Harthe. The numerous documents gathered ory oc Tours and it may be aummed up thus: Under

by them from about eight hundred abbeys and one the consulate of Dedua and of Gratua seven bishops

hundred cathedrals were incorporated in the above- were sent from Rome to Gaul to preach the Gceoel-

mentioned work or in the five volumes of the "The- Gatien to Tours, Trophimua to Aries, Paul to "Nar-

saurua noyus anecdotorum" (Paris, 1717). The re- bonne, Satuminua to Toulouse, Denia to Paris, Aus-

sults of a journey made through the Netbertanda and tromoine to Clermont, and Martial to Limt^ee. Har-

Gerrnany for the purpose of documentary research tial seems to have been acccanpanied by twoprleflta

were embodied by the two scholars in the nine folk) brought by him from the Orient, so he himseff may

volumea of "Vetermn Bcriptorum et monumentorum have been born in that region. He succeeded in oon-

eccleeiatticorum et dogmaticorum amplisaima col- verting the inhabitants of Limoges to the true Faith,

lectio" (Paris, 1724-^). Finally, the sixth volume <rf aud bia memory has always b«en venerated tfaiaie. LX.— «