Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/694

 HABOELLUS

641

HABOELLUS

if the " Chronography" of ^54 tutd every other Roman pointed the adviser and prii-ate secretary of the youBg authority. Nevertheless, it is not known whether and inexperienced cardinal and as such had a neat in-

this is the date of hia death or that of tlie burial of his fluence in the papal curia. He accompanied Faraese rentains, aft^r these had been brought back from the on bis various legations, and in order that he might unknown quarter to which he had been exiled. He take actual part ia the consultations and negotiations was buried in the catacomb of St. Priscilla, where his between Famese and the monarchs of Europe, he was nave is mentioned by the itineraries to the graves of created cardinal-priest of the title of Santa Croce in the Ronian martyrs as existing in the basilica of St. Gerusalemme, 19 December, 1539. He had already Silvester (De Rossi, "Roma sotterranea", I, 176) been appointed to the See of Nicastro, in addition to

Afifth-century"PaasioHarcelli", which is included which he became administrator of the Diocese of in the leeendary account of tiw martyrdom of St. Reggio the following year and that of Gubbio in 1644. Cyriacus (cf. Acta Sanct., Jan., II, 369) and is followed In 1539 he accompanied Farnese on an important lo-

" ■"" .— . Ration to Ctiarles V of Germany and Francis I of

France. The purpose of this legation was to induce the

two monarchs to send the prelates of their countries

to the intended General Council of the Church and to

gainst Henry VIII of England

by the "Liber Pontificalis", gives a different account or the end of Marcellus. According ( '' '

at a station on the public highway (cata&uiiim). At the end of nine months he was set free by the clergy; but a matron named Lucina having had her house on the Via Lata consecrated by him as " titulus Marcelli " he was again con- demned to the work of attending to the horses brought into the station, in which menial occupation he died. All this is prob- ably legendary, the reference to the res- toration of ecclesi- astical activity by Marcellus alone hav-

Thcy had an audience with Francis I at Amiens on 9 February, 1540, and with the emperor at Ghent on the twenty-fourth of the same month, but their mis- ■" already returning to

Rome when Cervini received orders from the pope to stay as legate at the impe-

ing.

1 hiator

. The tradition related in the verses of DamasuB seems much more worthy of belief. The feast of St. Marcellus, whrae name is to this day borne by the church at Rome men- tioned in the above legend, ia still cele- brated on 1 6 JanuBiy. There Btill re- " '-

Diet which the em- peror wished to con- vene at Speyer. When, however, it became evident that the Protestants would be mBdomi- nant at the Diet and had no desire to come to an understanding with the Catholics, the pope counter- acted his order and sent no represen- tative to the Diet which in the mean- time had been trans- ferred to Hagenau. In October, 1540, Cervini returned to bementionedMonimsen'Bpeculiar view that Marcellus Rome, not, however, before he had ui^ntly re- was not really a bishop, but a simple Roman presbyter quested the pope to send a representative to the to whom was committed the ecclesiastical administra- intended Diet of Worms. In a consistory held at tion during the latter part of the period of vacancy of Rome on 6 February, 1545, hewaa appointed one of the papal chair. According to this view, 16 January the three presidents'of the Council of Trent. His two was really the date of Marcellinus's death, ijie next colleagues were Cardinals Giovanni Maria del Monte occupant of the cliuir being Eusebius (Neues Archiv, (afterwards Julius III) and Reginald Pole. On 13
 * seiit him at the

Vdtit

This hypothesis has, however,

, ,_. ., IM-A: cf. Introduction,

J., Jan., II.. MO; L*noeh. OmcA. der iVSn. Kircht,

March, 1645, he arrived at Trent During the first period of the Council, i. e. from its opening session on 13 December, 1545, until its prorogation for an indefi- nite period at Bologna on 14 September, 1547, he fearlessly represented the interests of the pope and the Church against all opposition from the emperor, whose extreme hatred he in consequence incurred. In 1548 he succeeded Aeostino Steuco as librarian of the Vatican with the title of " Bibliothecte Apostolicte ir_,: !.__. __.__„ Under bis protectorate the

. Hwcellus H, Pope (Marcbllo Cervini oequ

SPANNOCm), b. 6 May, 1501 at Montepulciano it __

Tuscany; d. 6 May, 1555, at Rome. His father, Ri- Vaticana! Protector

cardo Cfervini, was .\poatolic treasurer in the March of Vatican library was soon put in a flounshing condition.

Ancona. Atteratudyingsome time at Siena, became More than 500 I^tin, Greek and Hebrew volume*

to Rome, shortly after the accession of Clement VII, were added, and new catalogues of the Greek and

inl523, to continue hiastudies, and through his purity Latin manuscripts were prepared. As early aa 1539

of life and longing for knowledge gained the respect he had induced the pope to have printed at least the

and friendship of many peraona of high influence, moat valuable Greek manuscripts. Ccrvini'a pubUc

Paul III, who had succeeded Clement VII in 1534, ap- activity was less prominent during the pontificate of

pomted him prothonotary apostolic and papal secre- Julius III (1550-5). He was replaced aa president of

tary. When, in 1538, Paul III entrusted hia youthful the Council of Trent bv Marcel lo.Crescenii in the hope

nephew.CardinalAlessandroFameae, with practically that the emperor would give his support to the presi-

the complete management of the temporal affairs of dents of the Council.

the Church, the prudent and virtuous Cervini was ap- After the death of Julius III (23 March, 1555), tha IX.— 41