Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/693

 ItmoXLLO 640 MAEOfLLim

in his native province of Genoa. By order of Bemar- Marcellns I, Saint, Popb, date of Urth unknown;

dino Tricmfettiy minister-general of the Friars-Minor, elected pope in May or June, 308; d. in 309. For some

Marcellinus in 1856 was entrusted with the ^gantio time after the death of Maroellinus in 304 the Diocle-

task of writing the history of the Franciscan missions, tian persecution continued with imabated severity,

to which the greater part of his life was devoted, ana After the abdication of Diocletian in 305, and the ao-

for which he undertook great journeys all over Eu- cession in Rome of Maxentius to the throne of the

rope, brin^g home great literary treasures, especially Caesars in October of the following year, the Christians

from the hbraries and archives of Spain. Later on he of the capital again enjoyed comparative peace,

resided n(iostly at Frato and at Rome, engaged in the Nevertheless, neany two years passed before a new

publication of his works. From 1881 to 1889 Mar- Bishop of Rome was elected. Then in 308, according

oellinus was definitor-general of his order, and finally to the ''Catalogue Liberianus^', Pope Maroellus first

in 1899 he retired to the convent of Leghorn, where he entered on his office : ' ' Fuit temporibus Maxenti a ochis.

peacefully died. During his long literary career Mar- X et Maximiano us<fue post consulatum X et septi-

oellinus made the acquaintance, of many prominent mum" ("Liber Pontif.". ed. Duchesne, 1, 6-7). This

men, with whom he carried on a large correspondence, abbreviated notice is to be read: " A cons. Maximiano

preserved in the convent of Leghorn. He enjoyea Herculio X et Maximiano Galerio VII lSOS\ usque

also the hiph esteem of Leo XIII, to whom he dedicated post cons. Maxim. Hierc. X et Max1n\. Gafer. Yll

some of his works. [309]" (cf. de Rossi, " Inscriptiones chriat. urbie

The total nmnber of books and brochures published Ilomffi", I, 30). At Rome, Maroellus found the by Marcellinus amounts to between seventy and Church in the greatest confusion. The meeting- eighty. Though his method was not always strictly sci- places and some of the burial-places of the faithful entific, he has the undeniable merit of having aroused had been confiscated, and the ordinarv life and interest in Franciscan history and literature, which of activity of the Church was interrupted. Added late has spread so widely. Only a few of his most im- to this were the dias^isions within the Church itself, portant works can be mentioned here: (1) ''Storia caused by the large number of w^dcer members idio universale delle Mission! Francescane " (Rome, Frato. had fallen away during the long period of active pene- Florence, 1857-1895), 11 vols. in8vo. A French version cution and later, under the leadership of an apostate, of thisworkwasbegunby Victor-BemardindeRouen^ violently demanded that they should be readmitted O.F.M., 4 vols. (Paris, 1898-99) ; (2) " Saggio di to communion without doing penance. Ac(x>rdmg to Bibliografia geografica, storica, etnografica Sanfran- the "Liber Pontificalis" Mi^ellus divided the teiri- cescana" (Prato, 1879), 8vo; (3) ''Epistolse Missiona- tonal administration of the Church into twen^-five riorum Ordinis 8. Francisci ex Frisia et Hollandia '' districts (tihdi), appointing over each a preebyter, (Quaracchi, 1888), 8vo; (4) two periodicals: (a) "Cro- who saw to the preparation of the catechumens for naca delle Missioni Francescane'', 6 vols. 8vo (Rome, baptism and directed the performance of public pen- 1860-66; Fr. trans., Louvain, 1861-67); (b) "Le Mis- ances. The presbvter was also made respociAble for sioni Francescane in Palestina ed in altre regioni the burial of the dead and for the celebratiosiB oanh della Terra". 8 vols. 8vo (Rome, Florence, Assisi, memorating the deaths of the martyrs. The pope 1890-97) ; (5) '' U Romano Pontincato nella Storia also had a new burial-place, the Ccaneteriufn Novium d'ltalia", 3 vols. 8vo (Florence, 1886-87) ; (6) " Fra- on the Via Salaria (opposite the Catacomb of St. Pm- tris Johaimis de Serravalle Ord. Min. . . . translatio et cilia), laid out. The '^ Liber Pontificalis" (ed. Ducheflne; commentum totius libri Dantis Aldi^herii, cumtextu I, 164) says: '^Hic fecit cymiterium Novellae via Sa- italico Fratris Bartholomsi a Colle eiusdem Ordinis " laria et XXV titulos in urbe Roma constituit quaa (Prato, 1891), in foL; (7) "La Leggenda di San Fran- dioecesis propter baptismumetpcBnitentiammultonuD cesco, scritta da tre suoi Compagni (legenda trium qui convertebantur ex paganis et propter sepultuns Sociorum) pubblicata per la pnma volta nella vera martyrum'\ At the begimiine of the seventh oentmy sua integrity" (Rome, 1899; Fr. trans, by Arnold there were probably twenty-nve titular churches in Coffin, Brussels, 1902). Numbers (3)^ (4b), (6), (7) Rome; even granting that, perhaps, the compiler of were published with the collaboration of Father the "Liber Pontifioalis'' referred this number to the Theopnil Domenichelli, O.F.M., his inseparable friend, time of Marcellus, there is still a clear historical tradi-

DoMEmcHELu, In Memoria del P. MarceUino da Civexta tion in support of his declaration that the ecclefliastiesi

(Florence.. 1906); Acta Ordinis Fratrum Minorum, XXV administration in Rome was reorganised by this Dooe

tauantcchi. 1906). 263HJ4, t IVARIU8 Oliger after the great persecution. *^^ ^ ^^

LivARius UUGER. rj,^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^ howcvcr, quickly inter-

__ ^ „ ^ ..-_.. ,.^., ^ rupted by the controversies to which the question ol

MarceUo, Benedetto b. in yemce m 1696; d. at the readmittance of the lapsi into the Chuit^ cave Brescia m July, 1739. MarcoUo s life was a strange rise. As to this, we ^ther some light from the poetic mixture of the political and the artLstic. In. 1730 he tribute composed by Damasus in memory of his wede- became Proveditore of Pola, but his health failed here cesser and placed over his grave (De Ro^, '^bct. and he assuined the duties of Camerlengo at Brescia, christ. urbis Rom©", II, 62, 103, 138: csf. Idon. He furnished the hbretto of Ruggien s " Arato in "Roma sotterranea", II, 204-6). Damasus relates Sparta. The hbrary at San Marco m Venice pos- that the truth-loving leader of the Roman Church was sesses the manuscript copy of his well known looked upon as a wicked enemy by all the lapsed, be- "Teona Musicale' and m the Royal Library of Dres- cause he msisted that they should perform ^^ pre- den are original copies of "II Timoteo' and "La scribed penance for theu- guilt. As a result senow Cassandra .The Royal Library at Brussels has pre- conflicts arose, some of which ended in bloodshed, and ser\'ed the MS. copy of " II Tnonf o della Musica nel every lx>nd of peace was broken. At the head of this celebrarsilamortediMariayergjne' .^Hisgreat 'Para- Imnd of the unfaithful and rebellious stood an imostate phrase of the Psalms" is his be^ work though his ^ho had denied the Faith even before the outbreak of settmgs of the Salve Regma. the Miserere, and the La- persecution. The tyrannical Maxentius had the pope mentations of Jeremias contain features of deep inter- seized and sent into exile. This took place at the end est to the student of the history of music. The 7 Para- of 308 or the beginning of 309 accordmg to the pas- phrase appeared m instahnents, the first pubhcation gages cited above from the ''Catalogue liberianuT, being in 1724. His collaborator was the poet Gius- which gives the length of the pontificate eb no more tiniani. ^w • rv n rw-*.- / ^^^ ^^® y^**"' ®** (°'* seven) months, and twenty

Bttrsky, General Hialorv of Munc, TV: Quoyk, Dichonary of A^vf. MaropUiifl Hiwi shnrtJv tdi^r lAAvm» DA«n»

Mwic; BiNOLBT. Hidorv of the Muaidana of idth A 17th ^y°' J*iarce"us <"ea snortiy wter leaving Rome,

Centuriee, II. And was venerated as a samt. His feast-day was 16

William Finn. January, according to the ** Depositio eptsooporum"