Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/692

 MiJtOXLLnrUB 639 makoeluhus

the " Chronograph '^ while he found a place in the Donatist^ falsely accused him out of hatred (Adv.

''CatologusLiberianus", which was ahnoBtcontempo- Pelagium, III, (3). Although St. Augustine intor-

rary. But his tomb was venerated by the Christians ceded for him, and several other African bishops came

of Rome, and he was afterwards recognized as a forward in his favour, he was beheaded 12 September,

martyr, as the "passio" shows. MarcelOnus died in 413, by order of Marinus; the latter was soon after

304. The dav of his death is not certain; in the " li- called away from Africa, and in the edict of 30 August,

ber Pontificaus" his burial is wrongly placed at 26 414, which regulated the carrying out of the decrees

April, and this date is retained in the historical mar- against the Donatists, Marcellinus was referred to with

tyrologies of the ninth centuxy, and from them, in the honour. His name b in the Roman Martvrology, and

later martyrologies. But if we calculate the date of his feast is celebrated on 6 April as that of a martyr,

his death.from the duration of his office given in the Ada 8S., April, X, 639^2; Did. Chriu. Biog., Ill, 806-7;

Liberian Catalogue, he would have died on 24 or 25 "LmcLBRCfipUAfriquechritienne, II (Paris, 1904), lo^, 139-40.

Oct., 304. His body was mterred in the Catacomb of J- P- Kibsch. Priscilla on the Via Salaria, near the crypt where the

martyr Cre»centius found his resting-plaice. The Cata- MarceUinui Oomes, Latin chronicler of the sixth

comb cd Callistus, the official bunal place of the century. He was an Illyrian by birth, but spent his

Roman Church, where the predecessors of Marcellinus life at the court of Constantinople. Under Justin I

were buried during several decades, was evidently con- (518-527) Marcellinus was chancellor to Justinian, the

fiscated in the persecution, while the Catacomb of Emperor's nephew already chosen as his successpr.

Prisciila, belongmg to the Acilii Qlabriones, was still When Justinian succeeded to the throne (527-565),

at the disposal of the Christians. his chancellor remained in favour and obtained va-

The tomb of Marcellinus was venerated at a very nous high places in the government. Otherwise little or early date by the Christians of Rome, llie precise nothing is Known of his life. He died apparently soooa statements aoout its position, in the *' Liber Pontifi- after 534. The only surviving work of Slarcelhnus is calls'', indicate this. In one of the seventh century his chronicle (Annales), one of the many continuations itineraries of the graves of the Roman martyrs, in the of Eusebius. It covers the period from 379 to 534. " Epitome de locis ss. martyrum", it is expressly men- first he brought it down to 518, then he added a couponed among the sacred graves of the Catacomb of tinuation to 534, as he says himself in the work. An Priscilla (De Rossi, "Roma sotterranea'', I, 176). unknown writer added a continuation down to 566. In the excavations at this catacomb the crypt of St. Although the work is in Latin, it describes almost ex- Crescentius, beside which was the burial chamber of clusively the affairs of the East. The author says Marcellinus, was satisfactorily identified. But no truly that he has "followed only the Eastern Em- monument was discovered which had reference to this pire ". The few facts about Western Europe, taken pope. The precise position of the burial chamber is from Orosius's ** Historia adv. paganos " and Genna- therefore still uncertain. The lost passio" of Mar- dius's "De viris illustribus", are introduced onl^ in as cellinus written towards the end of the fifth century, much as they relate in some way to Constant mople. which was utilized by the authorof the Liber Pontifi- On the other hand the chronicle is filled with umm^ calis", shows that he was honoured as a mart}^* at portant details and anecdotes about that city and its that time; nevertheless his name appears first in the court. Contemporary Church history is described "Martyrology" of Bede, who drew nis account from fully as far as the East is concerned. Marcellinus is the '* Liber Pontificalis" (Quentin, *' Les martyroloees uncompromisin^y orthodox and has no good word to historiques'', 103, sq.). This feast is on 26 April. The say of any of the heretics who appear in his pages, earlier Breviaries, which follow the accoimt of the He is often inaccurate. He mentions Theodoret of " Liber Pontificalis" concerning his lapse and his re- Cyrus in 466, whereas that person died ten years ear- pentance, were altered in 18S3. lier. Cassiodorus (De Institut. divims, XVII) men-

Liber PoniUUxaia, ed. DucRBairs, I. 6, 7, 162-lM; cf. /n^ tions two Other Works of this author, four books " De

^*?55l^ cS^I'Sje.^^'SS^i^^ 1: Si'^^i'i: temporum qualitatibus et pasitionibus locorum ''; and

P<mt. Rom. (Rome, 1819); L\norn, Oeaehichu der riymitchm a "most exact descnption of the Cities of Constanti-

Kvpche^, 370-872; Allard. Hittoirt des penicutioiu, TV, 37d- nople and Jerusalem m four little books *\ Both are

379; DucaiBaNB, Htttaire anctenne de VEglue, II, 92 sq.; i^

^KKXjccau II aepoUro dd papa Marcdlino nd Hmitero di Pn»- ii ,,. , «. i „ ^ j. 1 1* i j.

ciUa in NuovoBuU.diardieol.end, {1907), lis a<i. Maroelhnus's "Annales" were first pubhshed at

J. P. K1B8CH. Paris in 1546 (by A. Schonhovius); again by J. Sir-

mond (Paris, 1619); in the Lyons "Maxima Biblio-

MaroeUinns, Flavius, date of birth unknown; d. 12 theca veterum Patrum " (1677), IV, 517; in Gallandi's

September, 413. He was a high official (trtbunu8 el "Bib^otheca veterum Patrum"^ X, 343; and in

noUinus\ at the court of Emperor Honorius, and po»- "P. L,'* LI, 917. The best text is that of Mommsen

sessed the confidence of his imperial master owing to in his "Chronica minora" in "Monum. Germ. hist.

Us good sense, and unblemished conduct. In 411 auct. antiquiss." (Berlin, 1894), IX, pp. 37 sq. The

Honorius sent him to Africa as plenipotentiary judge, work is used by Jordanis the Goth (d. c. 560).

to preside and pass sentence at the great conference HoLOBR-EaoBR. Die Chronik des MareeUinua comen in Neuea

between the representatives of the Catholics and the Archivfar alure deuteche Gesehichte (1876). 250-253; Idbm, Die

Donatists, whiA began on 1 June of the same year and?^i??;^J^i^r'^^rH'S!:VfrHeti^'''^^T^^f^^

lasted several days. Marcellinus, who had conducted don, 1889); Krumbacher, Oeeeh. d. hyzant. Lit. (2nd ed.,

the negotiations with great patience and entire impar- Munich, 1^96).

tialit y, decided in favour of the Catholics, whereupon Adrian Fortescue. new imperial decrees were published against the Dona- tists. The great interest which the imperial envoy MarceUinti0 of Oivesjsa (in the world Pietro showed in theolo^cal and religious questions, brou^t Ranise), O.F.M., modern Franciscan author, bom at about close and friendly relations between him and St. Civezza in Liguria, Italy, 29 May, 1822; d. at Leghorn, Augustine, who wrote him several letters, and dedi- 27 March, 1900. He entered the order of the Friars- cated various books to him (" De peocatorom meritis Minor in the Roman province, receiving the habit at et remissione", "De baptismo parvulorum", the first Cori, 1 Feb., 1838. He completed his philosophical- three books of "De Civitate Dei")- St. Jerome also theological studies at Tivoli and Lucca. In 1844 he wrote him a letter. In 413 MarceUinus and his brother obtained the degree of Lector (Professor) in philoso- Apringius were imprisoned by Marinus, who had phy, and in the following year, 17 May, was ordained crushed the rising of Heradianus, as being alleged sup- pnest. For some years he taught at Tivoli, Ferentino, porters and partisans of the latter. Jerome says the Viterbo, Aracceli in Rome; ir 1^54 he retired to Recco