Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/648

 Lg of members of their order at San Pedro 3ar Manila. The solid stone church Btill I, but to-day only massive ruins remain of the seventeenth-century novitiate. The Jesuits also pos- sessed a college at Cavite. They built the famous sanctuary of Antipolo, at present the most frequented place of pilgrimage in the islands. They established the Parishes of Santa Cruz and of San Miguel, Mamta, They published numerous works in the Tagalog dia-

and church at Guadalupe (near Manila) and their the tt

church at Malolos, one of the largest in the islands, Hacati, were destroyed during the Filipino insurrection; but even the rums bear splendid testimony to the Apos- tolic leal of these fervent miBsionaries,

The Franciscans arriv'ed at Manila 24 June, 1577. They were the first missionaries in the districts of Sampaloc and Santa Ana, Uanila, and in the towns

of Meycauayan, Bocaue, Moroug, Baraa, Pagsanjan, They published numerous works in the Tagalog

Santa Cnu de la Laguna. and Mainit. They also e»- lect, and some of their great folio dictionaries ot that

tablished numerous parishes in the Provinces of Ta- tongue exist to-day. Expelled from the Philippines in

yabas and Camarines. A lay brother, porter in the 1768^ it wasnot until ISd^thatthcytrcrepermittedto

Convent of San Francisco, Manila, was the founder of contmue the work they had begun 278 years before.

the San Lazaro hospital for lepers in 159S. Five years They opened the college of the Ateneo, which, from

later the hospital was removed outside the city; since humble beginnings became a school of secondary in-

the American occupation it has been in the possession struction in 1865, and now numbers about 1500

of the American Government, though the archiepis- students, and they established a normal school which,

copal cross still remains over the entrance. The since the American occupation, has become a con^

Emperor of Japan was responsible in a great meaaura bined preparatory seminary and college under the title

for the increase of leprosy in the Islands, as he sent a of San Xavier. (See also Mani" '^ '

sbipdoad of the unfortunates to Manila with the double The first band of Dominican purpose of ridding bis country of them and of manifesting his displeasure at the spread of Christian- ity inhiscmpire. He is reported to have sent a message with the convoy to the effect that, as the Spaniards were so fond ot caring for the sick, he desired to gratify their Wishes by pi«seDt!ng them with the lepers. To the Franciscans is probably due, in

great measure, the ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^_^^^^_^__;j^ ^^^^^^— ™—

striking devotion to ^^^^^^^^^^^SSJ^B^^^^^Ljii^^—^^KUP to establish a chaTr the Passion of Our \^0gf/^i^BSSBS^^^^^^^^^SSSff^^^^S^Kt '^^ Spanish and Insu- Lord which exists „ — r „ " " ' lar Law. The peti-

Fiupmo people. i .^ ». ^^ ^j^^ j^^ depart-

The first Jeauits to arrive in the islands came with ment of the university was begun. In 1871 dcpart-

BishopSalaiarin 1581. One of them. Father Sedeno, meats of medicine and pharmacy were opened. As

had been a missionary in Florida. He opened the first these di«w revenue from the estate of the old San Jaa6

school in the Philippines and founded colleges at College, they are now known as the San Job6 Collese.

Manila and Cebu. He taught the Filipinos to cut The Cmlege of San Juan de Letrin was begun by the

stone, to make mortar, to weave, and to sew. He Dominican Fathers in 1840; it was elevated to the

brought artists from China to teach them to draw and rsnkofaschool of secondary instruction in 1807. The

paint, and erected the first stone building in the Phil- students, who number about 1000, follow the usual

Sipines, the cathedral, dedicated to the Immaculate college course leading to the degree of Bachelor d

□nception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the patroness Arts. Of the professors of Santo Tomis about thirty

of the whole group of islands. His companion, Father have been raised to the episcopal dignity, and one

Sanchei, was one of the most remarkable men of the student, a native Chinese namea Gregorio Lopei, was

society in his day, and by a unanimous vote of all the Bishop of Nanking, where he died in 1670. What is

Spaniards of the colony, was sent to Eunwe to treat now the University Press was established at the end

with Philip II and with the pope on the affairs of the of the sixteenth century, before the foundation of the

colony. He was accompamed by a Filipino boy, a miivereity itself. It was fii^ established in the Hos-

Pampangan youth named Martin, who later returned pital of San Gabriel, later transferred to Bataan_, and

to his native land as the first Filipino Jesuit. The col- m 1623 it was removed to the university, where it has

lege and seminary of San Jos£ was established by the continued until the present day. During its long

Jesuits of Manila in 1595. Though no longer under career the University Press has issued countless works

the control of the Jesuits, it still exists, and is therefore of a religious and educational character, not only in

the oldest of the colleges of the archipelago. By royal the modern and classical languages, but in various

decree ot 12 March. 1653, it took pre(Xdence of all cen- native dialects of the Islands. Greek, Hebrew, and

tresof leamingintheislands. During the first hundred Sanskrit are included in its rich assortment of type.

B»rs of its existence it counted among its alumni 8 The Church of San Domingo at Manila, which was

shops. 39 Jesuits (4 of whom became provincials), II rebuilt for the fifth time in 1868, contains the famous

Augusttnians, 18 Franciscans of various bmnchea of statue of Our Lady of the Rosary which is carried in

the order, 3 Dominicans, and 39 secular clere^. The solemn procession every year through the streeta of

Jesuit University of St. Ignatius, which opened its first Manila attended b^ a vast multitude of people from

classes in 1687, wasconfkrmedasapontifical university every part of the islands. That the devotion to the

in 1621, and asa royal university in 1B63. Besidestheir Holv Rosary is so deeply implanted in the hearts d

college and university, the Jesuits had a novitiate for the Filipino people, is due mainly to the leal of the

Obbbrvatort.)

islands arrived in Manila in 15S7. A full account of the immense good ac- complished by these fathers will be found in Fonseca's " Hia- toria de la Provinda del Santisimo Ro- sario". In 1611 they founded the Univer- sity of Santo Tomds wmch was confirmed as a pontifical uni- versity in 1645 and as a royal university in 1680. In 1836 the university petitioned Spain for authority