Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/624

 IftALVEKDA 577 HALTEBK

He entered the Society of Jesus, 12 Oct., 1637. On age to Jerusalem and began a monastery at Malvern, the completion of his studies, he was engaged for eleven the saint promiaine him that the place would be won- years in teaching belles-lettres and rhetoric and became derf ully favouied by God. A convent of thirty mOnks widely known as a classical scholar. He was then ap- gathered there under Aldwyn's direction (1135); the (Kunted to a professorship in Sacred Scripture, a po- usual number was twentynsix (and thirty i>oor men), sition which he held for the next nine years. In 1662 and four at the dependent cell, Avecot Priory, War- he was made rector of the College of Moiitauban. In wickshire, estabUsned by William Burdet in 1159. the following year he brought out his greatest and Aldwyn was succeeded byWalcher, a Lorrainer, a man best-known work, an edition of the histories of Pro- celebrated as an astronomer, divine, and philosopher, copius, with a critical commentary. This work went He was probably one of those sent by Abbot Gilbert throu^ many editions, being edited and augmented of Westminster to establish a regular community at with notes by other scholars, and was included in the Malvern on land previously given for the purpose by ^'Sjmopsis Historic Byzantins", published at Yen- Urso D'Abitot and Edward the Confessor. William ice. From 1672 to 1674 Father Maltret was rector the Conqueror confirmed these grants and was himself of the novitiate of Toulouse. His principal works are a benefactor, as also was Henry I. This connexion the following: (1) " Procopii Csesariensis Historianun with Westminster led later on to a famous and pro- Libri VIII"; (2) " Procopii Cssariensis Arcana His- tracted conflict between the bishops of Worcester and toria. Quiest hbernonusHistoriarum". This is an the Abbot of Westminster. For a lon^ time the edition^ with criticed notes, of the Latin translation of bishop's right of visitation over Great Malvern had Procopius, made by Nicolaus Alemannus. In the been unquestioned : on the election however of a prior preface of this work Father Maltret promised a trans- John in 1242, the aobot opposed the bishop's action in lation^ with comments, of a Greek poem by Paulus confinning and installine the new superior. Under his Silentiarius entitled: Descriptio Ecclesise Sanct® successor, William de Ledbury, matters came to. a Sophi^e ". This translation, however^ was never pub- head. Ledbury was accused of serious crimes by some lished, and it is not known whether it was ever com- of his monks and was promptly deposed by l^ishop pleted. (3) ''Procopii Csesariensis Ilistoriarum sui Godfrey Giffard. On this the monks chose instead the temporis de bello Gotnico libri quatuor ". bishop^ nephew, William de Wykewan, prior of Ave-

Tnere seems to be some doubt as to the correct cot. Wykewan proceeded to Shrewsbury, where the

spelling of Father Maltret 's name. Sommervogel gives Abbot of Westminster was then on a visit, for confirma-

it as "Maltrait", while Hurler, in his "N^menclator tion in his new office. The abbot arrested him and

Litterarius ", spells it '' Maltres '*. his followers and sent them in chains to Westminster.

SouuiiKvoaEh, Biblioth^ d€ Ui C. de J.; oB Backer, The bishop retaliated by suspending and excommu-

BtbitotK^<iuedes^cnvatn9 delaC.de «^j Humtr. ^;^;~«»^- nicating I^bury and his adherents, and the whole

ooimtryside was m^de to feel the inconveniences of a

Malvenda, Thomas, ex^ete and historical critic, disputed jurwdiction. Wwtminster claimed exemp-

b. at JAtiva, Valencia, 1566; d. 7 May, 1628. He en- tion by i^pal grant for iteelf and all its dependencies,

tered the Dominicans in his youth; at the age of andmthwwassupTOrtedbytheking; the bishop was

thirty-five he seems to have already taught philosophy supported by the Archbishop of Canterbury, and to

and theology. His criticisms on the " Annales'* of some extent by other bi^ope., ^ „ Baronius, embodied in a letter to the author (1600), An appeal to the Holy See led to fuller enquiry, wid

discovered so much ability that Baronius used his for some time thmgs went as the bishop wished; but

influence to have Malvenda summoned to Rome. ^^ harsh dealing with the monks went so far that

Here he was of material assistance as a critical ad- they, the unfortunate victims of all this litigation,

viser to the cardinal, while also employed in revising were taken imder the king's protection. Finally an

the Dominican Breviary, annotating Brasichelli's end was put to a long andintricate process, wherein

"Index Expurgatorius", and writing certain annals all powers and parties m Church and State were in-

of the order. These last were published against his yolved, by a truce agreed to at Acton Burnell. Led-

wishes and without his revision. To this period also bury wa^ remstated and then deposed by his abbot;

belong his " De Antichristo libri XI" (Rome, 1604), the monks gave the bishop the manor of Knichtwick,

and *^De paradiso voluptatis" (Rome. 1605). and he on his part released them absolutely from his

Returning to Spain in 1608, Malvenda undertook a own jurisdiction, " m accordance with pnyileg^ here- new version of the Old Testament in Latin, with com- tofore granted by divers Roman ppntifiFs . The epis- mentaries. This he had carried as far as Ezech., xvi, copal jurisdiction was retained only over their pansh 16, when he died. It gives the closest possible ren- churches. Peace was wnyed at. and all was amicably dering into Latin of every word in the origmal; but settled in 1314, when Bishop Walter Maydeston gave many of the Latin words employed are intelligible the monks the church of Powyke to reimburse them only through equivalents supplied in the maigin. The ^or all their losses, and ccmfirmed the grant to them work was published at Lyons in 1650 as **Commen- of that of Laneley, for the maintenance of the great taria in S. Scripturam, una cum nova de verbo in charity shown by them to the poor and pilgrims. A verbum ex hebraeo translatione " etc. long period of prosperity followed. The church was

HuRTER, Nomenclator. E. Macphebson. magnificently rebuilt (c. 1460); it is cruciform with a

central tower — Sir Reginald OT&y^ designer of Henry

Malvern, Worcestershire, England, a district cov- VII's chapel, Westminster, is beheved to have been

ered by a lofty range between the Severn and Wye, the architect. It is 171 feet long, 63 wide and high,

known as the Malvern Hills. On its eastern side were Its stained glass is famous, as are its ancient tiles,

formerly two houses of Benedictine monks, the prior- made at the priory. Both are memorials of many

ies of Great and Little Malvern. royal and noble benefactors. The church, St. Mar3r's,

(1) Great Malvern began soon after the death of was purchased hv Richard Beides and others at the

St. Werstan, a monk of Deerhurst, who, flving from dissolution, and the <^ parish church (St. Thomas the

the Danes and taking refuge in the woods of Muvem, Apostle) has now diaappcAred. The priory rental was

was there slain, and afterwards honoured as a saint. £308 (Duffdale) or £375 (&k>eed). Latimer pleaded in

A hermitage was established there before the Norman vain for the preservation of the monastery as a refuge

Conquest; one Aldwyn, who had been made a monk for learned and studious men.

at the cathedral prionr of Worcester by St. Wulstan, (2) Lfttlb Malvkrk Priort (Our Lady and St.

bishop of that see, ana a companion called Guy, were Giles), three miles south of the former, was a small

apparently the first to settle here. Aldwyn, by St. monastery founded from Wereester cathedral about

Wubtan's advice, gave up his contemplated pilgrim- 117L Ine ehoir and tower of its church alone remniiLv IX. -37