Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/584

 MAGHUB 537 MAHONY

tbat duty by Paul III. He was buried by the side of urgent request of Emperor Ferdinand III. He was

his brother in St. Peter's. apparently on his way to Rome when in the same

His works, which mark him as one of the most im- ^ear death overtook mm at Salzbui^. His writings

portant geographers of the Renaissance period, were mclude, in addition to many other polemical and phu-

publishea in Italy. His knowledge of the North, osophical works: ''Judicium de catholicorum et

which was so extensive that he was uie first to suggest acatholicorum regula credendi'' (Prague, JL628), a

the idea of a north-east passage, enabled him to pro-' much attacked work which he defended in his '' Judi-

duce after years of labour a CTeat map of the lanos in ciiun de catholicorum regula credendi''. '^De infal-

the North. It appeared at Venice in 1539 with the libilitate cath. reg. credendi" (Prague, 1641); "Or-

title, "Carta manna et descriptio septentrionalium ganum theologicum" (Prague, 1643), i. e. defence of

terrarum ac mirabihum rerum ' ', and included the area CathoUc theolojgy with reasoned arguments ; ' * Metho-

from the south coast of Greenland to the Russian dusconvinoendietrevocandihareticoe" (Prague. 1643).

coasts of the Baltic, including Iceland, the northern ,rP^^^^f^ 9^^^^^^\ Bibliotheca Scri^rum 0. Cap.

Se1<>a QwA/^An ISI/xi-t^oxr nonmarlr (inHFinlftnH Tn (Gonpa, 1591), 306 sqq. J ed. Bernardus DE BoNONiA (Venice,

isles, Sweden, Norwaj^ I>enmark, ana l-mianO. in 1727), 241 eqa.; HvaoAsek-^UHKhe Bl&Uer, CXVIl, 556 aqq.;

this map we have the first general fairly detmite rep- Rbusch in AUff, detUscKe Btog., XX. 92-4; de Backer. BiBl.

resentation of the North, surpassing every attempt ^*'- .?•. <^v« • ^^^\§22n"^S;a Sbahalea, Supplem. ad Script,

contained in the Ptolemaic editions. The work was ^"^ ^»'»- (K^°^«' 1806).^2 aq.; HuRTER.^^enrtotor

regarded fora long time as lost, and a single copy, pro- Mito-fto- q^ n^^n A*rn Mxnr^r, JmcHAEL, uihl.

c^d in the sixt^th century and pre^rved In the ^^^^e- See Goo and Magog.

Royal and National Library, Munich, was only found Magrath, John Macrory; b. in Munster, Ireland,

in 1886 by Oscar Brenner. The Munich University li- in the fifteenth century; date and place of death

brary has a rough copy done by hand. Niccol6 Zeno, unknown. Like man^^ of his ancestors, he was chief

the younger, in 1558, used the exact data ^ven by the historian to the O'Briens, princes of Thoraond and

map to publish an accoimt of a northern journey sup- chiefs of the Dalcassian clans. To the same family

posed to have been undertaken bjr his ancestors m belon^d the celebrated Miler Magrath, Protestant

1400. This work created a sensation, and was not Archbishop of Cashel. Magrath's fame rests on his

imtil some time later recognized as a fiction. Sebastian one work, "Cathreim Thoirdhealbhaigh'\ It was

Monster, Gastaldi, and Ortelius also turned the map written in Irish, but has been translated into English

to good account. Olaus Magnus likewise compiled an by S. H. O'Grady. It is a history of the wars of Tho-

important work dealing with history, geography, and mond from 1194 to 1318, and for the period covered is

natural history: ''Historia de gentious septentrion- of great value. Magrath has necessarily much to say of

alibus" (Rome, 1555; Antwerp, 1558; Basle, 1567: the Anglo-Normans, especially of the de Clares, and

Frankfort, 1618. Translations: German (Strasburgand of the efforts made dv the Dalcassians to repel their

Basle, 1567) ; Italian (Venice, 1565) ; English (London, attacks. He has much also to say of the internal strife

1658); Dutch (Amsterdam, 1665). It is divided into in Thomond, and he gives full particulars of the at-

twenty-two books, and d^ls picturesquely and sue- tempt of O'Brien and O'Neill in the thirteenth cen-

ccssively with the manners ana customs, the commer- tury to make common cause against the invaders,

cial and political life of northern nations, the physical But as neither chief would serve under the other the

proportions of the land and its minerals and zoology, result waa the victory of the Angjo-Normans at the

Olaus also published a life of Catharine, daughter of battle of Downpatrick in 1259. We have also an ao-

the Swedish St. Bridget, "Vita Catharinae", as well as count of the final overthrow of the de Clares at the

another work, "Vita abbreviata S. Brimtse". He battle of Dysert O'Dea, in 1318. Magrath's work is.

edited the following works of his brother John: *' His- not a mere chronicle of events, but an historical com-

toriaGothorumSuccorumlibrisXXIV" (Rome, 1554), position in which motives and causes are examined,

and the "Historia Metropolitana, seu Episcoporum battles are described, and the characters of men are

et Archiepiscoporum Upsaliensium'' (Rome, 1557). estimated. There is also much about the Dalcassian

"Biit^ssKK, Die &e?Ue Kartedes 0lau8 Magnus vomJahre 15S9 chiefs, and of the topography of the districts over

nadidemEx^pUr^Mufuihener^^^ which they ruled. In these respects the work is

VidenwabB^eUkaa Forhanmtnmnr {lSo6)f no. 15; Sgbdmachbb, ,.„i..^ui« A^ ~u :* ^r*^ 1 -.1 \\j: 1. r _a ^ j.

Olaua Magnus u. die dUesten Karten der Nordlande in Zeitsehri Valuable, though it often lacks sobnetv of statement.

der Oesellsch. f. Erdkunde zu Berlin, XXUI (1893). 167-200; S^^^^^J* ^^3. MatenaU of Ancient Irish History (Dublin,

Metblka in SiUunqsber. der k. bdhmischen OeselUch. der Wis^ 1861). 0*RBnj.T. Irish Writers (Dublin. 1820).

senschaften, Philol.-hist.KUisse(\SW /in "Bohemian; AHLxanuB, E. A. D'Alton.

Olaus Magnus och hans framstellning a^Nordens geografi (Upsala,

1895); NiEiAEN, Kirkeleksikan for Norden (Aarhus, 1909). MagUQlOime. See MoNTFELLIER, DiOCESE OF.

Otto Hartig. Maguire, John Alotsius. See Glasgow, Arch-

Magnus (Magni), Valerianus, b. at Milan, 1586, ^'^^^ ^^- ^ ,. «

presumably of the noble family of de Magni: d. at Magsrdus, a titular see of Pamphyha Secunda, suf-

Salzburg, 29 July, 1661. He received the Capuchin ^ragan of Perea. It was a small town with no history,

habit at Prague. He was also provincial there, and in <>» t^^e coast between Attaleia and Perga, occasionally

1626 was appointed Apostolic missionary for Gtermany, mentioned by ancient geographers, and on numerous

Hungary, and Poland. He was greatly respected by coins of the imperial era. Its site was probafclv Laara

Emperors Ferdinand 11 and III, as well as by Kmg ^ the vilayet of Konia, where there are rums of a small

Wladislaw IV of Poland, who employed him on diplo- artificial harbour. The See of Macydus figures in the

matic missions. Landgrave Ernst of Hesse, who had " Notitia episcopatuum " until the twelfth or thir-

been converted at Vienna on 6 Jan., 1652, and who teenth century. Five bishops are known: Aphrodisius,

knew Father Valerian, summoned Capuchins to St. present at the Nicene Council (325) ; Macedo, at Chal-

Goar on the Rhine, and was present at the religious cedon (451); Conon, at Constantinople (553); Platonat

disputation between Valerian and Haberkom ofGiea- C<»stantinople (680 and 692) ; Marinus, at Nicsea (787).

sen at Rheinfels in 1651. The Jesuit Johann Rosen- c/^i^l 1^; ^^^^^ *^ ^"""^ ^"^- »• ^- ^ ^"^^^ ^^^'^

thai having attacked certain assertions of Valerian's t #. ^ PirrmDijB. at this debate, the latter was drawn into the sharp

literary controversy between dJajpuchins and Jesuits, Mahony, Charles, Venerable, Irish Franciscan

which extended even to Rome. On the appearance of martyr; b. after 1639; d. at Ruthin, Denbighshire, 12

his pamphlet "Contra imposturas Jesuitarum" in August, 1679. The British Museum has a copy of a

1659. he was cited to appear at Rome. As he did not sin^e sheet entitled "The Last Speeches of Three

obey the summons, he was arrested at Vienna in 1661 Priests that were Executed for Religion, Anno Domini

at the instance of the nuncio, but was hberated at the 1679", from which the following transcript ia mad^\ —