Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/570

 Hmrch, 1631. Falkenburg was killed. The blood- ceived the palliun at Rome, and at the end of the ■bed and pillage were frightful; and the misery woe ytM woa solemnly enthroned in HagdebuTK. only increased by the fire which broke out from some The Diocese of Magdeburg itself w '

org. oall: ito

blowinfi, so that in twelve hours the whole town was which Halberetadt resigned. Posen was added t

in ashes with the exception of the cathedral, the con- the suffrogan bishoprics later on (from 970 until the

vent of the Blessed Vii^n, the parish churcncs where twelfth century, when it fell to Gnesen), also Lcbua,

the fire had been extinguished, and some two hundred and, for a time, Kammin. The cathedra! school espe-

small houses. Most of the inhabitants (nl)out 30,1)00) cially fiaincd in importance under Adclbert's efficient

were smothered in the cellars and granaries where ad mmist ration. The tehoUitticug Othrieh was con-

they had taken refuge. sidered the most learned man of his times. Muiv

Much has been written about tho question as to who eminent men were educated at Magdeburg. Othricn

was renponsible for the fire. There Was formerly a was chosen archbishop after Adelbert's death (081).

Protestant tradition that Tilly was responsible tor the Gisiler of Merseburg by bribery and fraud obtainwi

destruction of the tonti. It is true that Pappcnheira possession of the See of Magoeburg, and alBO_ suo-

for tactical reaKons caused two houses to l>e set on lire, ceeded temporarily in grasping the Bishopric ed tho imijerialiHts of all the profits of ihc siege, .\sopposed to this, Karl Witlich's theory gained many adherents; he held that Falkea-

burg and his faction (-■"=— *—**—• ' • ■'-■

fallinginiotbclmnds of tite I>»i>isu. Von Zwiedinccic Sudcii- horst in also of this opinion in UlUtein's "Weltgeschiehto Pflug", edited by inllartlung(l.>(H)-

antlientic. Ilecently the opinion has h' (112&-:i4), the founder of the Prcmonstratensian order; W'ichman (1152- iKi) wa.s more important as a sovereign and prince topreventits of llie Holy lloman Kiiipirc than as a bishop; Al- brecht II (120i- 32) quarrelled with the Emperor Ottoll (1198-1215), be- cause he had pro- nounced the pope's b.'kn against the lat- ter and this unfor- tunate war greatly damaged the arch- bishopric. In 1208 be began to build the present cathedral, which Waa only con- Becnitediol263,and never entirely fin- iNlietl; (liintherl (1277-70) hardly cscupe<l a serious war with the Mar- grave Otto of Bran- denburg, who was inccn-icd ^ - - -

Tut CatUEDBIL, .MlGUtUUHU

North .Side .„„,^,^„

r surrendered the fortress to the French, and his brother Erich had not been elected archbishop,

itbclonged toWestphaiiauntil 18U. Since that time And the Brandenburgera actually succeeded to

it has Wonged to Prussia. forcing GUnthcr and Bemhaid (1279-1281) to resign

The Archbishopric— After the wars of the years and in makingErichanjhbishop (1283-1205). Cordi-

940 and 9ii4, when the Slavs, as fur as the Oder, had nal Albrecht of Brandenbui^ (1513-45), on account

been brought into subjection to German rule, Otto the of his insecure position, as well as bemg crippled by »

(ireut.inO.^.i.scttoworktoestablLHhanarchbiiihoprio perpetual lack of funds, gave some occasion for the

in Magdeburg, for the newly acquired territory. He spread of Lutheraniam in his diocese, although him-

wisheil to transfer the capital (A the diocese from self opposing the Reformation. It is not tnio that be

Ilallierslacit to Magdeburg, and make it an arch- became a Lutheran and wished to retain his see oa »

diocese. But this was strenuously opposed by the secular principality, and just aa untrue that in lite

.Archbishop of Mains who n-as the metropolitan of Kalbe Parliament in 1541 he consented to the intro-

Hallierstailt. When, in 062, Jolm XII sonctioned the duclion of the Reformation in order to have his debt«

establishnM-nt of an archbishopric, Otto seemed to paid. His succcsBors were the lealous Catholics John

havcalwDdoned hisplanof a IransfcE. Tho estates Albert of Bwndenburg (1545-15o0), who however

belonging to the convents mentioned above (founded could accomplish very little, and Frederick IV of

in 037) were converted into a mensa for the new Brandenburg, who died in 1352,

arehbishopric, and the monks transferred to the Administrators who were secuUr princes now took

Berge Convent. The archie piscopol church made St. the place of tho orehbiuhop, and they, as well as the

Maurice its jKitron. and in addition received new dona- majority of the cathedral chapter and' the inhabitants

tions and grants from Otto. The following bishoprics of the diocese, had become Evangelical. They be-

wcro made suffmgans: Havelberg, Brandenburg, bnged to the House of Brandenburg, Christian Wil-

Merseburg, Zeili, and Meissen. Then, on 20 April, helm (seealwvc) was taken prisonerin 1631, andwent

9<ir, the archbishopric was sotemnly established at the over to the Catliolic Church in Vienna. At the time

Synoil of Ravenna in the presence of the pope and the of the Peace of Prague, this country tell to the than

emperor. Tlie first arehbishop was Adelbcrt, a former of Prince August of Saiconv, and after his death (IflSO)

monk of St. Maximin's at Trier, aflern-ards mission- it waa publicly assigned liy the Peace of Westpbalitt

arj- bislnip to the Russians, and Abbot of Weissenburg to Brand en burg-Pnissia (1048), to which it luia since

in Alsace. He was elected in Ihe autumn of OftS, re- l(elanged,withtlie exception of the intuvo.'.tA ^-rsc^tL