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 MAXBLAKT 521 MtABSTEO

buried at Abercrossan is jprobably a mistake arising Martijn" (third Martin). Other poems of this kind

from a confusion of Gaekc place-names. This error are "Van ons Heren wonden'', a translation of the

had been copied by several later hagiologists, as has hymn "Salve meal opatrona''; "DieClausule vander

also the same writers' confusion of St. Maelrubha with Bible '^ an allegorical poem in praise of the Blessed

St. Rufus of Capua. Biaelrubha was, after St. Co- Virgin; the "Disputacie van onser Vrouwen ende van

lumba, perhaps the most popular saint of the north- den helighen Cruce'', which bewails the sad situation

west of Scotland. At least twenty-one churches are of the Holy Land. Maerlant's last poem "Van den

dedicated to him^ and Dean Reeves enumerates about Lande van Oversee" was written after the fall of Acre

forty forms of his name. His death occurred on 21 (1291) and is a stirring summons to a crusade against

April, and his feast has always been kept in Ireland on the infidels, with bitter complaints about abuses m the

this day; but in Scotland (probably owing to the con- Church. The "Gees ten'' were edited by Franck

fusion with St. Rufus) it was kept on 27 August. On (Grdningen, 1882); the " Heimlicheit, etc.'*, by Clar

5 July. 1898, Pope Leo XIII restored his feast for the risse (Dordrecht, 1838) and by Kausler (1844) ; " Der

Churcn in Scotland, to be kept on 27 August. Naturen Bloeme" by Verwijs (Gr5ningen, 1878); the

^a^i^"^ ""^ • w^^of'^r ^l*^7^,2f*• OPS'OVAH (Dublin. "Rijmbijber' by David (Brussels, 1858-^9); the Life

1856), ad ann. 671,722; Annabo/(/{«(«r» ed. HsNNESST (Dub-, ^f a* irto««ia K,r T ^\A^^».^ fJ^^,A^r^ i<Lie\. +1*^

lin. 1887). ad ani. 670. 672, 7^1; Barrett. Early 8eotti»h ^t O'i. Francis by J. TidemMl (Leyden, 1848); the

Sainu in Dublin Revieto, XV (18W), 348-72; BARRrrr. CaUn- "Spiegel Histonael" by de Vnes and Verwijs (Ley-

dar ofScoOUh SainU (Fort Augustus. 1904), 64-7; BMvatheea den, 1857-^3). Complete editions of the strophic

Hagtoffraphtea Laivna, ed. Bollanduts (Bniaseu. 1900).771: rww»w»o «»»»» <*:„»,« K,r i? VA««r;;o /r'-x-»;«««« iQQrk\

Cajmpbelu St. Maolrybka in Scottish Historical Review, vf POems were given by E. VerwijS (Gromngen, 1880)

ii909), A42S; FoHBiM, Kalendars of Scottish Saints (EdinbvLTgh, and by J. Franck and J. Verdam (Groningen, 1898).

1872). 382-4; Gammack in Diet. ChriM. Biog., s. v.; Mitchell. Serrure, Jacob van Maerkmt en zijne ioerken (2nd ed., Ghent,

On various superthttons in the Norih-west Highlands and 1867); te Wis Ktiu MaerlantswerkenbeschouivdaU Spiegel van

1&^,^£.^^**^^^^V!P^ ^f^^ Sact€fi/ of Antiquaries of Scotland, de IS. eeuw (2nd ed.. Ghent. 1892); Jonckbloet, Oeschichte der

V' 2^i*' Y^^^^^r^,^.^^ Maeln^ monacho et marhrre in NiederlAndischen Literatur, German tr. by Berg. I (Leiprig.

AcUiSS.,\\i^.,\l,13l-2inKK\EB,SqintAi(^rubha,hishisU^ 1870). 216-263; te Winkkl. Oeschichte der ni^derUindischen

f'^j^V?^^o*^«f''^^*^*'S??i'^^?r*'.*'^/'\!^*?^^^^?^^ I'^'teraiur in Paul. Orundriss der germanischen PhUologie, II

^^' lli',^%:^kS!^A ^^' Afao'ru6Aa m Scottish Historical Re- (2nd ed., Strasburg. 1902), pp. 437-40.

^. VI (1909). ieCHSO. ^^^^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^ ABTHUB F. J. Remt.

.., , , „, . , . Maes, Camillus Paul. See Covington, Diocese

Maerlant, Jacob van, the greatest Flemish poet of of

the Middle Ages, b. about 1235; d. after 1291. Of his '

life little is known. His name he seems to have de- Maestro di Oamera del Papa.— In former times

rived from Maerlant on the ishind of Voome, where he

lived for some time employed as a sexton, whence his. . ..

surname " de Coster". Later he resided at Damme, (3) the Auditor to the pope; and (4) the Master of the

near Bruges, where, according to tradition, he held the Sacred Palace. As the position of auditor had been

position of town-clerk. Maerlant's earliest works were allowed to remain vacant during the later years of Leo

chivalrous romances, such as were in vogue at that XIII's pontificate, it was abolished as being superflu-

time in courtly circles, and were adapted from French ous at the beginning of Pius X's reign. And when the

or Latin sources. Such are "Alexanders Geesten" major domo, Mgr.Cagiano de Azevedo, was raised to

there were four so-called palace prelates Qsrelo/i palor' Hni) : (1) the J^iajor Domo; (2) the Maestro di Camera;

ly transferred to His Excellency

was little to his taste, which inclined to the didactic Monsignor Major Domo". This state of affairs stUl

and useful. So he turned his bade on the lying continues, so that there are now only three palace

romances, as he called these works in his "Rijmbij- prelacies and (as one official discharges the duties

bel", and devoted his talent to poems of a didactic attached to two of these) only two palatine prelates,

and moralizing character. Among the most note- All three prelates have the right of residence in the

worthy of these poems are " Heimlichejit der Heim- Apostolic palace,

licheden", a treatise on politics, adapted from the The maestro di camera is the real chief chamberlain.

Pseudo-Aristotolcan "Secreta Secretorum": "Der His authority extends over all matters concerning the

theim-

^ clerical

Anticamera

translated from the '^Scholastica " of Petrus Comestorl as regards the four acting clerical privy chamberlains*

with a continuation "Die Wrake van Jherusalem", he informs the orderly officer of the Noble, Swiss, and

adapted from the history of Josephus. He also trans- Palace Guards respectively, of the hours of duty for

lated a " Life of St. Francis" (Leven van St. Francia- the next day; he summons the privy and honorary lay

cus) from the Latin of Bonaventure. Biaerlant's most chamberlains to their period of weeklv service, and

extensive work is the "Spiegel Historiael", a rhymed dismisses them at the end of it. All petitions for

chronicle of the world, translated from the " Speculum audiences are lodged with him, whether tney are pre-

historiale " of Vincent of Beauvais. It is dedicated to sented to him immediately, or whether they are pre-

Count FlorLs V and was begun in 1283, but was left sented to him (in diplomatic language) mediaidy, by

unfinished at the poet's death. Continuations were the Secretary of State. He issues the summonses to

given by Philip Utenbroeke and Lodewijc van Vel- audiences, and regulates all occasional, unusual, or un*

them, a Brabant priest. official ceremonies, such as the reception of pilgrim-

Maerlant is also the author of a number of strophic ages and the like. Being in daily personal touch with

poems, which date from different periods of his life, the pope, he receives his orders concerning tliu Anti-

Of these the best known is the "Wapoie Martijn" camera of the next day, and makes arranKKtiiutntii

(Alas! Martin) so called from the openmff words. It accordingly. As supernumerary Prothonotary AfKM-

is a dialogue on the course of events held oetween the tolic he is always at the head of thb colleip) of pn*laltNi.

poet himself and a character named Martin. Alto- irrespective of the date of his appoint irumt. At|iii|Mu

gether there are three parts, of which the above-men- audiences and on other occasions wlmri Uk* \H9tm dite

tioned is the first. The other two parts are known as upon his throne without pontifical vtiMiiit<«iiUi, the iimf>

" Dander Martijn " (the second Martin) and ' ' Derden jor domo stands on the right, the mmiaiim iliLiaMBBHc%.wiL