Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/522

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1, Friedsicr Bbbhabd Cbbistian, profes- MuiMcht. Bee Likan, Diocese of •or of law, b. 24 Sept., 1823, at Wismar (Hecklen- »,.vii t t> j- .■, , , „

burg): d. 6 April, 1900, at ivUten near Innsbnick ""Jlon, Jean, BenedicUne monk of the Congre-

(Tyrol). After completing the humanities in his ^t-on <rf S^J-Maur, b. at Samt-Pierremont, between

native dty, he studieS jurisprudenoe at Jena, Beriin, ""jf'*^^''^*' ""^ v, i^^^"^ .H? "^"i^-V" ^'^™'

Kiel, and :ftoetock, b«4me, in 1849, an advlxsate ii; P?^' 23 November 1632; d. at Pans. 27 Deeejnber,

the Wt named place, and took hia degree at the uni- i™'- /^*v*^-T- t^'i!"''* °J ^J'^"^? Ma''?"'"'. »

veraity there in TsSl. He wm active E the constitu- P«««»°t who died m 1692 aged 101 aad of hia wife,

tional conflict of 1848 between the Grand Duke of i.^f^ bufinn, dejoended, through her mother a famr

Mecklenburg-Schwerin and the Diet, defended the ''y' V°"\ " '"^"' "^ ^« .««'Kaeura of Samt^Pierre-

rights of the repreaentativet in three pamphlets, and, '°'™*j Jean was a precocious chid, and easily sur-

wrSi Frans von Florencourt, founded the anti-revolu^ P?^ *»* ^°°^ companions m Uieu- studies, while

tionar3^ " Norddeutscher Korrespondent"'. Shortly awple^nt disposition made him a general favounle. after his graduation he became a convert to the Catb-. the age ol

die Faith, and, realising that, as a Catholic, he was "^fi ** '".^ f^"'

not eligible for public office in his native place, betook ^ T- ,T ' ,^^

himself to Bonn, where he devoted himself to aca- "npilion, then

demic leaching. The work by means of which he ^™7 P^^st at.

proved his great teaching ability, "Der Primal dea _u _ l ^•

Bischofs von Rom und dw alten Patriarehalkirchen" 5^"?"" ^^ ^

(Bonn, 1853) dealt with the two important questions: ^f^*' , whether the Roman primacy existed in the firat cen- ru(iim«ni turies, and whether the much-discussed sixth canon of the Council of Niraea bears witness to the primacy.

This work won immediale recognition among scholars,, ,-

and Count Thun invited him to Festh in 1855 as pro- ™ continue

fewff extraordinaniu of Roman Law. A few months ^'■"'•^- '" later he was given a professorship of Roman and canon law at Innsbruck, one at Grai in 1860, and one in 1871 at Vienna, where, until he was pensioned in 1894, he attracted many pupils.

In 1873 he became a member of the Vienna Acad- ■, i,

emy ot Sciences, in 1885 a life member of the Upper H"?''iV^' ^

House, and from 1882 till 1897 was a member of the u™d, half as pupil.

Supreme Court of the Empire. During the Vatican ih" "^^i™ J5 Council he adhered to DOUinger, but was ' ' " iMiao n --- « an Old Catholic, and in 1882 explicitb

rudiments ", and from whom Ite received a dona- tion to enable him

studies. In 1644 Jean was sent to the College des Bona Enfanta at Reims. Here, while itudying at the

aU

utterances in favour of that sect. Incited by ^iw Ttiit™*™?^"^^""™!!!^?^!!!:?^'^^^

Savigny's important work on the history of Roman ^'es^patron.mlfiSO, procured himadmissL.

taw m the Middle Ages, Maassen began a history of "^ diocesan ^minary, where he remained tor three

r-anoniawonthesai^h'nes. But of this woric, which X^J?' IiJ653, however, the scandalous conduct and

«a8 to have numbered five volumes, he published only feath of the iwclc who had befriended him m^

the first, " Geschichte der <>uellen und^der Literatii J'"..^«*''S V^ -'"{f, ^""j^' priesthood distasteful

des kanonisehen Reehts imlbendiande bis .urn Aus- t^T'^^ ^^Ti'^'J.^l^ i'■^!^^„T?: ..^«^

gang des Mittelalleis" (Gra*, 1870). Several of bis l!!L'^ ^^°?^\ J^^v [t'^"»2'? ^^ August he

articles in the Reports (Sitein^sberifAte) of the Vienna ^"P* " P°^^^ "> f^,^^^ "IS*:^.?' "* J'^""*:

,„„j -ere practically complements of this This house had, sin« 1627, belonged to the reformed

"Neiii Kapitel Qber treie Kirehe uod »«""**, Congregation (see Maubistb, Congrboa-

Academ; Gewisaenfreiheit'

(Grax, 1876) is written ii

TioiJ or). He was clothed on 5 September, and, after

Prussian Kulturkampf. An amplification of the first 1™.' "» devotion to th., ^ ,_, -

chapter appeared un&er the title: " Ueber die GrQnde "'t*"^^. ** "^T^'l '^^ s^F^at that hia supenoi.

des KarapfS^iwischen dem heidnischen Staate und entrusted hun mth the direction and teachmg of the

demChristentum" (Vienna, 1882). In many respects "o"^- But the eagerness with which he endeav-

Pseudoisidoratudien" (Vienna, 1885) is a^- «"™? *° f"'^' \^^'^ T^ ^T '^? J"^ *f^»f'

tion of his masterpiece. He alio edited in mas- '^^ «™"": he began to suffer from violent head-

teriy style one volumS of the great "Monumenta a^ and ajxin became incapable even of recitmg hu

GeiiianL Historiea: Leges", III fHar ^'*- Tnlfi.W h,- -,™r,r.r, ,„ .--

being_the"Concilia(eviMerovmgensis". NotCT^orthy, also, is his "Zwei Synoden unterChilderio II" (Grai, 1867). Maassen often displayed in politics an aggres- sive activity. He was an adherent of the so-called Federaiismut, and strove energetically tor the foniai- tion of a Catholic Conservative party where he belonged for a time to the Diet.

HMariKhn JaArhvch, XXI (Honleb, 1900). eaO-i2: Bii trafhUctuiJaliriMh, V (BtrUn, 1M3). 242-14.

pATRICnn ScHLAOEB.

Office. In 1656, his superiors, in the hope tbat entire rest might restore hia health, sent him to Nogent, whence in July, 1958, he was transferred to the fa- mous Abbey of Corbie. Here, as at Nogent he occu- pied his time in the study of antiquities, while holding

lively the offices of porter, of depofUarius, and

irer. He was ordained at Amiens in 1690. T' tranquil life restored his health and, in 166.'1, he w,„ tron^erred to the Abbey of St--Denis, where he becanw treasurer. But his superiors had already noticed his great giftA and, in 1994, at the request of Doio.