Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/470

 peoples, neither of which now exists under that name, while the vocabulary which could settle the affinitj; of the earlier tribe is now tost. The name itself, meaning "inhabitants", convey^B no ethnic siniiflcance, being a term applied indiscriminately by the invading HA- taeo from the East to the tribes which they found al- ready in occupancy of the country.

The Lul£ of the earlier period appear to have been the tribe more definitely known under their Quichua name of Cacana, "mountaineere", occupying the hill ranges of the upper Salodo Kiver in the provinces of Catamarca and Western Tucunuui, Argentina. They were of the stock of the Calchaqui, the southemmOBt tributaries of the historic Quichua of Peru, from whom they had absorbed a high dEsree of aboriginal culture. Owing to their relations with the Quichua on the one hand and with the neighbouring Toconot4 (also Touo- cot^), or Matard, on the other hand, they were fa^ miliar also witb those languages as well as with their own, afoct which has served much to increase the con- fusion. By the Jesuit missionary Alonso Bircena (or Barsana) the LM (Cacana) were gathered, in 1589, into a mission settlement on the Salado, near the Spanish town of Talavera or Bateco. The Ha- tar4, or Tooonot^, were evangelised at the same time. Here, within the followiuK twenty years, they were visited also hy St. Francis Solano. In 1692 the region was devastated by a terrible earthquake which de- Str^od tjie towns of £!ateeo and Concepcidn, together wiUi the missions, in consequence of which the terror- stricken neophyt«e fled into the forests of the great C^aco wilderness north of the Salado, and became lost to knowledge, while the grammar and vocabulary which Father Bircena had composed of the Toconot^ language disappeared likewise.

'HieLiil^of the lutcrperiod are better known, being the principal of a group of cognate tribes constituting the Lulean stock, formerly ranging over the central and west«m Cbaco renon in Aigentlna, chiefly be- tween the Salado and the Vermejo, in the Province of Salta. Although the classification of the Argentine dialects is still mcomplete and in dispute, the follow- ing existent or extinct tribes seem to come within the Lulean Einguistic group: LuM proper (so called by the Mfttaco), calling themselves PeU, "men", and be- lieved by Hervaa to be the Oristin^ of the earliest missionary period; Toconot^, called MakarA hy the Quichua, and incorrectly identified by Machoni with ^e Mdtaco of anotiier stock; Isistini; Toijuistin^; Chulupf, Cbunupf or Cinipf; Vilelo, called Quiatiu by the Mdtaco, witn sub'tribea Guamaica ana Tequete^; Omoampa, with sub-tribes lya and Yeconoampa; Juri; Pasain^.

In general the Lulean tribes were l>elow medium stature, pedestrian in tiabit, peaceful and unwarlike, except in self-defense, hving partly by hunting and partly by agriculture, contrasting strongly with the athletic and predatory equestrian tribes of the eastern Chaco represented by the Abipone and Mitaco. The Still wild Chulupf of the Pilcomayo, however, ro- semble the latter tribes in ph>-sique and warUke char- acter. In consequence of the ceaseless inroads of the wild Chaco tribes upon the Spanish settlements. Gov- ernor Urizar, about the year 1710, led Sfainst them a strong expedition from Tucuman which for a time brought to submisai on those sa voges who were unable to escape beyond liia reach. As one result, the Lul^ were, in 1711, gathered into a mission called San Estjban, at Miraflorca on the Salado, about one hundred miles below Salta, under the charge of the Jesuit Father Antonio Machoni. Machoni nrepsj^ a grammar and dictionary of their language (Madrid, 1732), for which reason it is sometimes luiown as the " Lu]£ of Ma- choni ", to distinguish it from the Cacana Luld of the earlier period. Son Jos^, or Petoca, was established among the Vilelo in 1735. In consequence of the inroads of the wild tribes, these uisskme w^e Uaa-

!0 LULLT

porarily abandoned, but were re-established in 1751- 52. In 1751 the cognate Isistini and Toquistin^ wen gathered into the new mission of San Juan Bautista

atVolhuena, a few miles lower down the Salado Hi ver. In 1763 Nuestra Seilora del Buen Consejo, or Ortc^, was eetabUshed for the Omoam^ and their sub- tribes, and Nuestra SeiJora de la Columna, or Mae*- Sillo, for the Fasain^, both on the SaUdo below ICra- ores, and all five being within the province of Salta. In 1767, just before the expulsion of the Jesuits, t^ five missions of the cognate Lulean tribes had a pop«i- lation of 2346 Indians, almost all Cbristians, Ber^d bjr eleven priests, among them being Father Job6 lorn, autiior of a history ot the Chooo.

Notwithstanding the civihzing eSorts of the mi^ sionaries, the Lul£ shared in the general and swift de- chne of the native tribes consequent upon the advent of the whites, resulting in repeated visitations of ttio smallpox scourge — previously unknown — the whole- sale raids of Portuguese slave-hunters (Afamelucos), and the oppressions olthe forced-labour syetem under tiia Spaniards. The mission Indians were the special prey both of the slave-huntois and of the predatory wild tribes. On the withdrawal of the Jesuits, toe

slavery fled into the forests. At present the comate Lulean tribes are representod chieflv by some vUelD living among the M&taco on the miadle Vermejo and by the unciviiized Chulupf on the Pilcomayo.

Brimtoh, Amenatn Rati (N«ir York. IBBl): DoBRiiHOFm, .4ftiponej,tr., Ill (London. 1822); Hehvas, CoMivo ite to* Im- evni, I (Mndrid. leoo) (pmic[pal authority): PAOt.LaPbda (New York, lSW)i Qviytno. La Lengua Vilda a ChMlapt lai othar piip«n in Boletin dd ImtitMio Qiognifico AroaOmo, XVI- XVU (Buenos Ai™, ISflS-M). JaMEB Moonbt.

Lully, Jean-Baftibte, composer, b. near Florence in 1633; d. at Paris, 22 March, 1687. He was brought to France when quite a child by Mile da Montpensier, Having great natural gifts as a vio- linist, he w

lets, and was appointed composer to the Idn^ and music master to the royal family. After his marriage in 1662, he became on very intimate terms with Moli^, with whom he collaborated in ballets until 1671. A clever diplomatist and thorough courtier, he completely won the ro^ol favour, and in March, 1672, he succeeded in oustmg Abbi Perrin from the directorship of the Academy of Music, Thenceforward his success as founder M modern French apeia was unquestioned, althou^ Combert, in 1671, paved the way. From 1672 to 1686 Lully produrad twenty operas, showing himself a master of various styles. His "Isis", "Thtefa", "Annide", and "Atyv" are eXKii;g«iciaiiREB.^«^r^