Page:Catholic Encyclopedia, volume 9.djvu/453

 LUOXnBB 410 LUOIMA

searohes into the history of his native country, to Vercelli. Both were exiled, Lucifer beiug sent to

which he chiefly devoted the rest of his life, and wnich Gennanica, in Syria, and thence to Eleutheropolis in

gained for him the title of "Father of Croatian His- Palestine; he was finally relegated to the Thcoaid.

tory". When, in 1654, he returned to Rome to con- In the course of this exile Lucifer wTote an ex-

tinue his historical studies, he gained the friendship tremely virulent pamphlet entitled "Ad Constant ium

and protection of many men of eminence, among them Augustum pro sancto Athanasio libri II", an elo-

several cardinals. To Ughelli, the author of " Italia quent defence of Catholic orthodoxy, but in such

Sacra", he furnished much of the material relating to exaggerated language that it overshot the mark and

Croatian history. In April, 1663, he was named presi- injured the cause it was meant to serve. Lucifer

dent of the " Congregatio S. Hieronymi nationis Illyii- boasted of his work, and Constantius, tyrant that he

corum de Urbe '*, by Cardinal Julius Sacchetti. Lucid was, refrained from further revenge. After the death

also wrote various works on ecclesiastical history, of Constantius, Julian allowed all the exiles to return

most of which are lost. A few of them are still pre- to their cities. Lucifer went to Antioch, and at

served in the Vatican Library. once meddled in the diajcnsions which divided the

Lucid was never married. He resided at Rome un- Catholic party. He prolonged and embittered them

til his death, and was buried there, in the church of St. by coa«5ecrating a bishop who iippeared to him ca-

Jerome, where a monument was erected to his mem- pable of continuing the opposition to the bishop and

ory in 1740. The following are his principal published I>arty which he judged the weaker under the circuni-

works: " De Regno Dalmatiae et Croatia? libri sex " (6 stances. Incapable of tact, he aggravate*! the dissen-

vols., Amsterdam, 1666 and 1668; Frankfort, 1667); ters, instead of dealing cautiously with them in order

"Memorie storiche di Tragurio ora detto TmCi" (6 to win them, and displayed special severity towards

vols., Venice, 1673); " Inscriptiones Dalmatica?, notiB those Catholics who had wavered in their adherence

ad memoriale Pauh de Paulo, notas ad Palladium Fus- to the Xicene Creed. About this time a Council of

cum. addenda vel corrigenda in opere de regno Dal- Alexandria presided over by St. Athanasius decreed

matiHJ et Croatiie, varia; lectiones Chronici Ungarici that Arians renouncing their heresy should be par-

manuscripti cum editis " (Venice, 1673). doned and that bishops who, by compulsion, had tcm-

Klai<5, P(w/M<ffnw/o, I (Zagreb, IKW), 3-6; RAcici,Par/i-/rf- porized with heretics shoukl not be disturbed.

mk Ivan Luci6-U Rmdu Jugoalavenske Akademije (Zagrob, Against this indulgence Lucifcr protested, and went

ISSii^ CVi^i^uSSr '^"^'^ '^'* '^*'** *^'"" ^^ so far as to anathematize his former friend, Eusebius

Anthony-Lawrence GANCEVid. of Vercelli, who carried out the decrees of the Coun- cil of Alexandna. Seemg that his extreme oninions

Lucifer (Hebr. hHH; Septuagint ^w<^0V^ Vulgate won partisans neither West ndt East, he withdrew to

Ztici/er) originally denotes the planet Venus, emphasiz- Sardinia, resumed his see, and formed a small sect

inir itq hrillianev. The Vuleate emnlovs the worrl jil«o Called the Luciferians. These sectaries pretended

had participated in Arianism

^ their dignity, and that bishops

(Ps., cix, 3).' Metaphorically, the word is applied to who recognized the rights of even repentant heretics the King of Babylon (Is., xiv, 12) as pre-eminent should be excommvmicated. The Luciferians, being among the princes of his time; to the high priest Simon earnestly opposed, commissioned two priests. Mar- son of Onias (Ecclus., 1, 6), for his surpassing virtue; to cellinus and Faustinus, to present a petition, the well- the glory of heaven (Apoc., ii, 28), by reason of its ex- known ''Libellus precum", to the Emperor Theo- oellency; finally, to Jesus Christ himself (II Petr., i, dosius, explaining their grievances and claiming 19: Apoc.. xxii, 16; the " Exultet *' of Holy Satuniav), protection. The emperor forbatle further pursuit of the true light of our spiritual life. The Syriac version them, and their schism seems not to have lasted be- and the version of Aquila derix^e the Ilebrew noun yond this firet generation.

hlfa fi*nm fhA vnrh liflltil "fr» latnpnf "• Si- TAmm*» Hartel in Corp. script. cccUa. lat., aIV (1886); Ukkner,

laUi from the verU yaiai .^*\™®^J^^'?\- Jerome ^^y^ ^^ CagliaH wtdsein Latein in Archiv far hilein. Lexi-

agrees with them (In Is., l, 14; P. L., AAl V, 161), and kogr. und Gramm., HI (1886). 1-58; KrCqeb. Lucih-r Bisi'hof

inakes Lucifer the name of the principal fallen angel, von Calaria und daa Schiama der Lwnferiancr (Leipzig, 1886);

who must lament the loss of his original glory bright as Vlt^^T^hi^^r^i^^ s\ ^^ ' ^^' ^^'*"^'*' '^^ '^'

the morning star. In Christian tradition this mean- jj Leclercq

ing of Lucifer has prevailed; the Fathers maintain that

•Lucifer is not the proper name of the devil, but denotes • ««•«« r»««,«, ^« *i... *-« j •*• i * '^i r xi

only the state from which he has fallen (Petavius, " De "cma. Crypt op, the traditional title of the most

^^eeUs" III iii 4). ancient section of the catacomb of St. Callistus. Ac-

Tfte principal'commenUries on the foreming texts of Sacred CO^ling to the theory of De Ilossi, St. Lncina (hon-

Scripture and LesLtre in Diet, de la BibUriV, 407 sqq. oured at Rome on 30 June), after whom this port ion of

A. J. ]VU AS. the cemetery is called, was the original donor of the

area, and at the same time identical with the noble

^Lndfer of Oagliari (Lucifer Calabttanus), Roman matron, Pomponia Greecina, wife of the con- jbniho p, mu st havcbeeo-bora^ mJJbQ early v^jjT^ queror of Britain, Aulus Plautius. Lucina is l)elieved the foUlCb fldlitury; d. in 371. His bu^npia^Mv to have been the baptinrqal name of Pomponia Gnc- the circumstances of his youth are unknown. lie cina. De Rossi's hypothesis, which is gencniUy ac- fint appears in ecclesiastical history, in full ma- cepted, rests on a passage of the "Annals" of Tacitus turity of strength and abilities, in 3^4 when he was (XIII, xxxii), and on certain inscriptions discovered deputed by Pope Liljerius, with the priest Pancratius in the Crypt of Lucina. According to Tacitus, *' Pom- ana the deacon Hilarj", to request the Enaperor Con- ponia Grsecina, a distinguished lady, wife of the Plau- Btantius to convene a council, to deal with the ac- tins who on his return from Britain received an ova-

Alexandria with much passion and in very violent the presence of kinsfolk, mvolving, as it did, her le^al

language, thus furnishing the adversaries of the great status and character, and he reported that she was in-

Akmndrian with a pretext for resentment and nooent. This Pomponia lived a lone: life of unbroken

further violence, and causing a new condemnation of melancholy. After the murder of Julia, Dnisus's

Athanasius. Constantius, unaccustomed to inde- daughter, by Messalina's treachery, for forty vears

pendence on the part of the bishops, grievously she wore only the attire of a mourner with her heart

nu/treati'*l LucUor and his colleague, Eusebius of ever sorrowful. For tbi»« during the reign of Claudius,